Nokea
Fever, chills, malaise, nausea, vomiting, and flank pain mean the infection has most likely spread to the kidneys, causing pyelonephritis.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These symptoms indicate pyelonephritis, a kidney infection resulting from an untreated or severe UTI.
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Urge incontinence
- A. Incontinence related to inability to get to the bathroom
- B. The brain does not receive a message that the bladder is full
- C. Incontinence related to bladder spasms and contractions
- D. The bladder does not empty because of an obstruction
- E. Incontinence related to weak pelvic floor muscles
- F. Loss of urine with no warning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urge incontinence is caused by bladder spasms and contractions, leading to sudden, uncontrollable urges to urinate.
You are teaching an aide to perform catheter care. Which of the following represents an accurate statement?
- A. Clean the perineum and a few inches of tubing using a perineal wash and a washcloth or gauze in downward strokes away from the body.
- B. Wash the perineum with a soapy washcloth using circular motions.
- C. Wash from the tubing 3 to 4 inches from the insertion site up toward the meatus.
- D. Separate the labia if the patient is female and wash first on one side, then the other, and then down the middle.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Cleaning downward from the meatus and separating the labia to clean thoroughly prevents infection by moving away from the insertion site.
You are teaching a home care patient about self-catheterization. You know more teaching is needed when the patient states
- A. I will not need sterile gloves and a new sterile catheter every time I catheterize myself at home.
- B. I will use clean gloves and wash the catheters between uses.
- C. I do not need gloves or any special precautions because I am in my own home.
- D. This is a clean, rather than a sterile, procedure at home.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Self-catheterization at home is a clean procedure, but gloves and proper cleaning are necessary to prevent infection; stating no precautions are needed is incorrect.
One quick and common way to get a lot of data about urine is by
- A. Dipping litmus paper into the urine to determine pH.
- B. Adding special stains to see if there are white blood cells in the urine.
- C. Testing the urine with a multiple-pad reagent stick.
- D. Observing the urine for color and clarity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A multiple-pad reagent stick (dipstick) provides rapid data on urine pH, glucose, protein, blood, and other parameters.
In catheters, the greater the size number, the larger the catheter.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Catheter size is measured in French (Fr) units, where a higher number indicates a larger diameter.