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What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who is refusing to eat?
- A. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals without pressure.
- B. Force the patient to eat larger meals to prevent further weight loss.
- C. Allow the patient to skip meals to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
- D. Focus only on addressing the patient's mental health concerns, not eating habits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because encouraging the patient to eat small, frequent meals without pressure promotes a balanced approach to eating. This intervention helps to establish a regular eating pattern and prevents episodes of binge-eating. It also respects the patient's autonomy and can help build trust between the patient and healthcare provider.
Choice B is incorrect because forcing the patient to eat larger meals can lead to increased anxiety and resistance, worsening the eating disorder. Choice C is incorrect as allowing the patient to skip meals can perpetuate unhealthy behaviors and reinforce the cycle of restriction and bingeing. Choice D is incorrect because neglecting the patient's eating habits can overlook a crucial aspect of their overall well-being and exacerbate the eating disorder.
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Early manifestation of symptoms such as severe impairment in social interaction and in communication can be diagnosed as which of the following?
- A. Infantile autism
- B. Infantile amnesia
- C. Cerebral palsy
- D. Rett's syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infantile Autism: Early manifestations of Autistic Disorder symptoms, including impaired social interaction and communication.
A client frequently impulsively acts out suicidal impulses, including grabbing the coffee jar to smash it and attempting to hang herself with her bra. The nurse would view the client's behaviors as most consistent with:
- A. Narcissistic personality disorder
- B. Histrionic personality disorder
- C. Borderline personality disorder
- D. Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Borderline personality disorder. The client's impulsive and self-destructive behaviors, such as attempting suicide, are characteristic of individuals with borderline personality disorder. These individuals often struggle with intense emotions, unstable relationships, and have a fear of abandonment. They may engage in self-harming behaviors as a way to cope with emotional distress.
A: Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy. This does not align with the impulsive and self-destructive behaviors described in the scenario.
B: Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by attention-seeking behaviors and excessive emotions. While there may be some overlap with impulsive behaviors, it does not fully capture the severity and self-destructiveness of the client's actions.
D: Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others and a lack of remorse. While individuals with this disorder may engage in impulsive behaviors, the specific behaviors described in
A nurse observes a patient who is sitting alone in a room put hands over both ears and vigorously shake her head as though saying, 'No.' Later the patient cries and mutters, 'You don't know what you're talking about! Leave me alone.' What assessment should the nurse attempt to validate?
- A. The patient is seeking the attention of staff.
- B. The patient is inappropriately expressing emotion.
- C. The patient is experiencing auditory hallucinations.
- D. The patient is displaying negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The patient is experiencing auditory hallucinations. The patient's behavior of covering both ears and shaking her head as if responding to voices, along with muttering and crying, suggests a sensory perception that is not based on external stimuli. This aligns with the characteristic symptoms of auditory hallucinations, which are common in conditions like schizophrenia.
Choice A is incorrect because the patient's behavior is not necessarily seeking attention but rather responding to internal stimuli. Choice B is incorrect as the patient's emotional expression seems to be a result of the auditory hallucinations rather than being inappropriate. Choice D is incorrect as negative symptoms of schizophrenia typically involve a decrease or absence of normal functions, which is not clearly demonstrated in this scenario.
A nurse caring for a patient with Alzheimer disease can anticipate that the family will most likely need information about:
- A. antimetabolites.
- B. benzodiazepines.
- C. immunosuppressants.
- D. acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Patients with Alzheimer's disease often benefit from this type of medication to help improve cognitive function. The family would need information on this to understand the treatment plan. Antimetabolites (A), benzodiazepines (B), and immunosuppressants (C) are not typically used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and would not be relevant for the family to know about in this context.
The nurse who works in a sleep clinic knows that approximately ______% of adults suffer from insomnia.
- A. 10 to 20.
- B. 30 to 40.
- C. 50 to 60.
- D. 70 to 80.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (30 to 40%). Insomnia is a common sleep disorder, affecting around 30-40% of adults. This range reflects the prevalence rates reported in various studies. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they provide prevalence rates that are either too low (A) or too high (C, D) compared to the generally accepted range for insomnia in adults. It is essential for the nurse in a sleep clinic to understand the prevalence of insomnia accurately to provide appropriate care and support to patients.