Nokea
What is the most effective treatment for cystic fibrosis?
- A. Heart-lung transplant
- B. Administration of prophylactic antibiotics
- C. Administration of nebulized bronchodilators
- D. Vigorous and consistent chest physiotherapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most effective treatment for cystic fibrosis is vigorous and consistent chest physiotherapy, as it helps in clearing the mucus and improving lung function.
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Double Bohr effect (Oxygen curves for maternal and foetal Hb move apart in opposite directions) occurs in
- A. Foetal circulation
- B. Maternal circulation
- C. In the Placenta operating in both maternal and foetal circulations
- D. In the uterine wall
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. In the placenta, maternal and fetal blood circulations are in close proximity.
2. Maternal Hb releases oxygen to fetal Hb due to the lower affinity of fetal Hb for oxygen.
3. This double Bohr effect causes the oxygen dissociation curves of maternal and fetal Hb to move apart.
4. This occurs specifically in the placenta where both maternal and fetal circulations operate.
Summary:
A. Incorrect. Double Bohr effect doesn't occur solely in fetal circulation.
B. Incorrect. Double Bohr effect doesn't occur solely in maternal circulation.
C. Correct. Placenta facilitates the exchange between maternal and fetal blood causing the double Bohr effect.
D. Incorrect. Double Bohr effect is not related to the uterine wall.
The nurse is caring for a first-day postoperative thoracotomy patient. The nurse assesses that
the level of drainage has not increased over the last 3 hours. After assessing the patient’s
respiratory status, what should the nurse do next?
- A. Raise the system above the patient's heart.
- B. Check the tubing for kinks.
- C. Reposition the patient.
- D. Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the tubing for kinks. This is the best next step because stagnant drainage could be caused by a kink in the tubing, obstructing proper drainage. By checking for kinks, the nurse ensures proper functioning of the drainage system, preventing potential complications such as fluid buildup or infection.
Raising the system above the patient's heart (A) may not address the underlying issue of kinked tubing. Repositioning the patient (C) may not be necessary if the drainage is not related to patient positioning. Notifying the physician (D) should be done after checking the tubing for kinks, as it is important to troubleshoot and address the issue promptly.
A client is admitted with suspected pneumonia from the emergency department. The client went to the primary health care provider a few days ago" and shows the nurse the results of what the client calls an allergy test" as shown below: The reddened area is firm. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Call the primary health care provider's office to request records.
- B. Immediately place the client on Airborne Precautions.
- C. Prepare to begin administration of intravenous antibiotics.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prepare to begin administration of intravenous antibiotics. This is the best action because the client is suspected of having pneumonia, which is commonly treated with antibiotics. The nurse should prepare to start IV antibiotics to address the infection promptly.
Choice A is incorrect because requesting records from the primary health care provider's office may delay treatment. Choice B is incorrect because airborne precautions are not necessary for suspected pneumonia. Choice D is incomplete and does not provide a clear action plan for addressing the client's condition.
What is the relationship between the pressures at label '8'?
- A. P outside = P inside
- B. P outside > P inside
- C. P outside < P inside
- D. P outside + P inside
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: P outside < P inside. This is because pressure decreases as altitude increases. At label '8', the pressure outside the object (presumably at a higher altitude) is lower than the pressure inside the object. This is due to the decrease in air pressure with increasing altitude. Choice A is incorrect because at higher altitudes, the pressure outside is lower than inside. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the opposite relationship. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the relationship between the pressures at label '8'.
Which assessment findings aren't consistent with a client diagnosis of right-sided heart failure?
- A. Collapsed neck veins
- B. Distended abdomen
- C. Dependent edema
- D. Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because collapsed neck veins are not consistent with right-sided heart failure. In right-sided heart failure, venous congestion leads to jugular venous distention, not collapse. Distended abdomen (choice B) occurs due to fluid accumulation in the abdomen, a common finding in right-sided heart failure. Dependent edema (choice C) results from fluid retention in the lower extremities, also seen in right-sided heart failure. Decreased appetite (choice D) can be present due to abdominal discomfort from fluid accumulation. Therefore, the presence of collapsed neck veins is the only assessment finding that is not indicative of right-sided heart failure.