Nokea
What is the most serious consequence of propping an infant's bottle?
- A. Colic
- B. Aspiration
- C. Dental caries
- D. Ear infections
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Aspiration. Propping an infant's bottle can lead to the infant choking on the milk, formula, or saliva, causing aspiration into the lungs. This can result in severe respiratory issues, pneumonia, and other serious complications. Propping a bottle can also lead to overfeeding, ear infections (choice D) due to the improper positioning, but the most immediate and serious consequence is the risk of aspiration. Colic (choice A) and dental caries (choice C) are not directly related to propping a bottle.
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A 29-year-old Chinese American patient is admitted for IUFD. Her blood pressure (BP) is 90/60, body mass index (BMI) is 41, and the medical and surgical history is noncontributory. She does not smoke or have substance use disorder. What part of her history places her at risk for IUFD?
- A. age
- B. obesity
- C. hypotension
- D. ethnicity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity is a recognized risk factor for intrauterine fetal death (IUFD).
The nurse recommends skin-to-skin contact immediately following the birth of a newborn because it reduces what type of heat loss?
- A. radiation
- B. convection
- C. conduction
- D. evaporation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Skin-to-skin contact minimizes heat loss through convection by reducing exposure to cooler air.
A home health nurse visits a 2-week-old infant and observes the umbilical cord has dried and fallen off. The area appears healed with no drainage or erythema present. Given these assessment findings, what instruction should the nurse give the parent?
- A. cover the umbilicus with a band-aid
- B. continue to clean the stump with alcohol for 1 week
- C. apply an antibiotic ointment to the stump
- D. give the baby a bath in an infant tub now
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: give the baby a bath in an infant tub now. This instruction is appropriate as the umbilical cord has dried and fallen off, indicating that the area is healed. Giving the baby a bath in an infant tub will help keep the area clean and promote healing.
A: Covering the umbilicus with a band-aid is unnecessary and may hinder air circulation, leading to potential infection.
B: Continuing to clean the stump with alcohol for 1 week is unnecessary as the cord has already fallen off and the area is healed.
C: Applying an antibiotic ointment to the stump is not recommended unless there are signs of infection, which are not present in this case.
The nurse is explaining to a mother that her newborn's blood test indicates a high level of unconjugated bilirubin, which causes jaundice. Which information doesn't the nurse present to the mother?
- A. The blood test does not indicate a pathological disease.
- B. The newborn's liver converts bilirubin to a water-soluble substance.
- C. An abundance of RBCs and RBC short life span contributes to the condition.
- D. The newborn's condition is also referred to as hyperbilirubinemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the nurse does not mention the term "hyperbilirubinemia" to the mother. Instead, the nurse focuses on explaining the high level of unconjugated bilirubin causing jaundice.
A: The nurse likely mentioned that the blood test does not indicate a pathological disease to reassure the mother that jaundice is a common condition in newborns.
B: The nurse would have explained that the newborn's liver converts bilirubin to a water-soluble substance as part of the discussion on how bilirubin is processed in the body.
C: An abundance of RBCs and their short lifespan contributing to jaundice would be relevant information that the nurse would provide to explain the underlying causes of the condition.
A nurse is preparing to discharge an infant who has developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). What discharge instruction would be most important?
- A. How to correctly perform Ortolani's maneuver
- B. How to properly use the Pavlik harness
- C. When to return for corrective surgery
- D. Where to take the baby to be fit for corrective shoes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A baby with DDH will be placed in a special splint, most often the Pavlik harness, to keep the legs in a position of abduction. The harness is worn continuously for 3-6 months, during which time bone growth helps create a normal hip joint. Ortolani's maneuver is an assessment for DDH. Surgery may be required, but not until it has been determined that bone growth is not creating a normally shaped hip joint. Corrective shoes are not needed.