Nokea
What is the most vulnerable time for teratogen exposure?
- A. 1-2 weeks after conception.
- B. 3-8 weeks after conception.
- C. 8-12 weeks after conception.
- D. The entire pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The embryonic period (3-8 weeks) is when organogenesis occurs, making it highly sensitive to teratogens.
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What is the purpose of cell-free DNA screening done in the first trimester?
- A. to determining the gender of the fetus
- B. to check for multiple fetuses
- C. to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus
- D. to measure the growth and development of the fetus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cell-free DNA is used to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. It does not determine gender or measure growth and development.
A pregnant woman in her first trimester is considering prenatal testing. The nurse is providing patient education regarding prenatal testing in the first trimester. What statement accurately reflects the nurse’s education?
- A. Prenatal testing in the first trimester primarily focuses on determining the gender of the fetus.
- B. Prenatal testing in the first trimester helps assess the risk of abnormalities in the fetus.
- C. Prenatal testing in the first trimester monitors the growth and development of the placenta.
- D. Prenatal testing in the first trimester is primarily performed to detect potential maternal infections.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prenatal testing in the first trimester focuses on assessing the risk of fetal abnormalities, not gender, placenta, or infections.
A father and mother are carriers of phenylketonuria (PKU). Their 2-year-old daughter has PKU. The couple tells the nurse that they are planning to have a second baby. Because their daughter has PKU, they are sure that their next baby won't be affected. What response by the nurse is most accurate?
- A. Good planning; you need to take advantage of the odds in your favor.
- B. I think you'd better check with your doctor first.
- C. You are both carriers, so each baby has a 25% chance of being affected.
- D. The ultrasound indicates a boy, and boys are not affected by PKU.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each child produced by this couple has a 25% chance of being affected by PKU disorder.
What are the number and type of chromosomes in a normal mature gamete?
- A. 22 autosomes
- B. 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome
- C. 46 chromosomes
- D. 23 autosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gametes have 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome, resulting in 23 chromosomes in total.
The ___ is/are responsible for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport to and from the maternal bloodstream.
- A. Decidua basalis.
- B. Blastocyst.
- C. Germ layer.
- D. Chorionic villi.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chorionic villi obtain oxygen and nutrients from the maternal bloodstream and dispose of carbon dioxide and waste products into the maternal blood.