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What is the primary difference between hospital care and home health care?
- A. Home care is routinely and continuously delivered by professional staff.
- B. Home care is delivered on an intermittent basis by professional staff.
- C. Home care is delivered for emergency conditions.
- D. Home care is not available 24 hours a day.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Home care is provided intermittently by health professionals, who visit clients for specific needs. Hospital care, in contrast, involves continuous professional staff presence. Home care is typically not designed for emergency situations, which require immediate hospital care.
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Clients treated for syphilis with penicillin may experience a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. Which clinical presentation would be unlikely if a client is experiencing this reaction?
- A. Vomiting and diarrhea
- B. Headache, myalgias, and arthralgia
- C. Preterm labor
- D. Jarisch-Herxheimer in the first 24 hours after treatment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is characterized by fever, headache, and muscle pain, not vomiting and diarrhea.
A nurse is assessing a newborn who is 10 hr olWhich of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Axillary temperature 36.5° C (97.7° F)
- B. Nasal flaring
- C. Heart rate 158/min
- D. One void since birth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress in a newborn, which may indicate underlying conditions such as transient tachypnea or respiratory infection. Prompt evaluation and intervention are necessary to ensure adequate oxygenation.
The nurses working at a newly established birthing center have begun to compare their performance in providing maternal-newborn care against clinical standards. This comparison process is most commonly known as what?
- A. Best practices network
- B. Clinical benchmarking
- C. Outcomes-oriented practice
- D. Evidence-based practice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Outcomes-oriented practice measures the effectiveness of interventions and quality of care against benchmarks or standards.
Which laboratory testing is used to detect the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
- A. HIV screening
- B. HIV antibody testing
- C. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts
- D. Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) counts
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HIV antibody tests confirm the presence of the virus.
Five different viruses (A, B, C, D, and E) account for almost all cases of hepatitis infections. Which statement regarding the various forms of hepatitis is most accurate?
- A. Vaccine exists for hepatitis C virus (HCV) but not for HBV.
- B. HAV is acquired by eating contaminated food or drinking polluted water.
- C. HBV is less contagious than HIV.
- D. Incidence of HCV is decreasing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HAV is transmitted via contaminated food or water, whereas vaccines exist for HBV but not for HCV.