ATI TEAS 7 science review

ATI TEAS 7 science review Related

Review ATI TEAS 7 science review related questions and content

What is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds some axons in the nervous system?

  • A. To initiate nerve impulses
  • B. To transmit sensory information
  • C. To speed up the transmission of nerve impulses
  • D. To connect neurons at synapses
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of the myelin sheath is to speed up the transmission of nerve impulses. The myelin sheath acts as an insulating layer around the axon, allowing for faster conduction of electrical impulses along the nerve fiber. This insulation prevents the electrical signal from dissipating or 'leaking' out, which helps in the rapid and efficient transmission of nerve impulses along the axon. Choice A is incorrect because the myelin sheath does not initiate nerve impulses; it helps in conducting them. Choice B is incorrect as the myelin sheath's main role is not in transmitting sensory information but rather in facilitating the transmission of nerve impulses. Choice D is incorrect because the myelin sheath's function is not to connect neurons at synapses; instead, it is primarily involved in enhancing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

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Which of the following is an example of a secondary alcohol?

  • A. Methanol
  • B. Ethanol
  • C. Isopropanol
  • D. Butanol
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Isopropanol is indeed an example of a secondary alcohol because the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group is bonded to two other carbon atoms. In isopropanol, the hydroxyl group is attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to two other carbon atoms. Methanol (Choice A) is a primary alcohol with the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to one other carbon atom. Ethanol (Choice B) is also a primary alcohol with the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to one other carbon atom. Butanol (Choice D) is a primary alcohol with the hydroxyl group attached to a carbon atom that is bonded to three other carbon atoms, making it a primary alcohol.

What is the SI unit of measurement for work?

  • A. Newton-meter (N·m)
  • B. Joule (J)
  • C. Watt (W)
  • D. Meter per second (m/s)
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Joule (J). Work is defined as the amount of energy transferred by a force acting through a distance. The Joule is the unit used to measure this energy transfer. Choice A, Newton-meter (N·m), is the unit for torque, not work. Choice C, Watt (W), is the unit of power, not work. Choice D, Meter per second (m/s), is a unit for speed or velocity and is not related to work.

Electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus, but not in fixed orbits. This concept is captured by the:

  • A. Bohr model
  • B. Quantum mechanical model
  • C. Lewis structure
  • D. Octet rule
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Quantum mechanical model. Unlike the Bohr model with its defined electron paths, the quantum mechanical model uses probability distributions to describe electron locations within energy levels. Choice A, the Bohr model, describes fixed electron orbits, which is not in line with the concept of electron distribution in energy levels. Choices C and D, Lewis structure and Octet rule respectively, are not related to the description of electron distribution around the nucleus in energy levels, making them incorrect answers.

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange between the blood and inhaled air?

  • A. Trachea
  • B. Larynx
  • C. Alveoli
  • D. Pharynx
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Alveoli. The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the air we breathe in and the blood. The trachea, larynx, and pharynx are all part of the airway passage but do not directly participate in gas exchange. The trachea serves as the windpipe, the larynx is involved in sound production and protecting the airway during swallowing, and the pharynx helps with swallowing and speech production. Therefore, the alveoli specifically facilitate the critical gas exchange process, making them the correct answer in this context.

How does polarization affect the intensity of light passing through a polarizing filter?

  • A. All light passes through regardless of polarization.
  • B. Light with the same polarization as the filter passes through, while others are blocked.
  • C. Light with higher intensity passes through, while weaker light is blocked.
  • D. The intensity is reduced for all light, regardless of polarization.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A polarizing filter only allows light waves with a specific orientation (polarization) to pass through while blocking light waves with different orientations. Therefore, light with the same polarization as the filter will pass through, while light with different polarizations will be blocked. This results in a reduction in intensity for light passing through the polarizing filter. Choice A is incorrect because a polarizing filter selectively filters light based on its polarization. Choice C is incorrect as the intensity of light passing through is determined by its polarization, not solely its intensity. Choice D is incorrect because a polarizing filter affects light based on its polarization, not uniformly reducing the intensity for all light passing through.

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