Nokea
What is the primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma?
- A. Achieve and maintain symptom control
- B. Avoid all physical activity
- C. Increase dietary sodium
- D. Restrict medication use
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with chronic asthma is to achieve and maintain symptom control. This helps improve the child's quality of life by reducing asthma symptoms and exacerbations. Choice B is incorrect because avoiding all physical activity is not recommended for children with asthma; in fact, regular physical activity can be beneficial. Choice C is incorrect as increasing dietary sodium is not a primary goal in managing asthma. Choice D is incorrect because restricting medication use can lead to uncontrolled asthma symptoms and complications.
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What is an important aspect of the care plan for a child with eczema?
- A. Use of steroid creams
- B. Frequent antibiotic therapy
- C. High-protein diet
- D. Daily baths in hot water
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use of steroid creams. Steroid creams are commonly used in the management of eczema to reduce inflammation and itching, thus improving the skin condition and comfort of the child. Choice B, frequent antibiotic therapy, is incorrect as antibiotics are not typically used to treat eczema unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Choice C, a high-protein diet, is not a specific recommendation for eczema treatment. Choice D, daily baths in hot water, is not recommended for eczema care as hot water can exacerbate the condition by drying out the skin.
How should the healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about a child's short stature?
- A. Suggest the parent consult a nutritionist
- B. Recommend frequent growth hormone injections
- C. Advise monitoring for a few years before intervention
- D. Refer for a genetic evaluation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a parent expresses concern about a child's short stature, the initial approach should involve advising monitoring for a few years before considering any interventions. This allows for observation of the child's growth pattern and any potential underlying issues. Suggesting a nutritionist (Choice A) may not be necessary if there are no signs of nutritional deficiencies. Recommending growth hormone injections (Choice B) is premature without proper evaluation and diagnosis. Referring for a genetic evaluation (Choice D) can be considered later if monitoring shows atypical growth patterns or other concerning factors.
How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with a suspected fracture?
- A. Immobilize the affected limb and seek medical evaluation
- B. Apply heat to the injury
- C. Allow the child to continue normal activity
- D. Administer over-the-counter pain relief only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a child is suspected to have a fracture, it is essential to immobilize the affected limb to prevent further injury. Seeking immediate medical evaluation is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Applying heat to a suspected fracture can worsen the condition by increasing swelling and pain. Allowing the child to continue normal activity can lead to further damage. Administering only over-the-counter pain relief is insufficient and does not address the need for immobilization and professional evaluation.
How many vitamins are known to be required in the diet of human beings?
- A. 5
- B. 8
- C. 10
- D. 13
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 13. There are 13 essential vitamins required in the diet of human beings, including vitamins A, C, D, E, K, and the B vitamins. Choice A (5), Choice B (8), and Choice C (10) are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of essential vitamins needed by human beings.
What term describes foods that contain non-nutrient substances whose known action in the body is to promote well-being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?
- A. fortified foods
- B. enriched foods
- C. functional foods
- D. health-enhancing foods
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functional foods are specifically designed to promote health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Fortified foods (choice A) are those with added nutrients that are not originally present, enriched foods (choice B) have nutrients added back that were lost during processing, and health-enhancing foods (choice D) is a vague and less specific term compared to functional foods.