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What is the primary goal of integrating environmental health into nursing practice?
- A. Improving health care infrastructure
- B. Enhancing patient satisfaction
- C. Promoting environmental justice
- D. Reducing health care costs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of integrating environmental health into nursing practice is to promote environmental justice. This involves addressing health disparities caused by environmental factors impacting vulnerable populations. By advocating for fair treatment and equal access to a healthy environment, nurses can contribute to improving overall health outcomes. Improving health care infrastructure (A) focuses on facilities and resources, not specifically on environmental justice. Enhancing patient satisfaction (B) and reducing health care costs (D) are important but not the primary goal of environmental health integration in nursing practice.
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Which is a Healthy People 2020 goal?
- A. Decrease the incidence of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
- B. Reduce health inequity, decrease disparities, and improve the health of certain groups
- C. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
- D. Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors for the geriatric stage of life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because reducing health inequity, decreasing disparities, and improving the health of certain groups aligns with the overarching goal of achieving health equity for all in Healthy People 2020. This goal focuses on addressing the social determinants of health to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to achieve their highest level of health. Choices A, C, and D are important aspects of public health but do not specifically address health equity and disparities among different population groups. Therefore, B is the most appropriate choice for a Healthy People 2020 goal.
A nurse in the emergency department is interviewing a client immediately following a sexual assault. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Determine the client's current anxiety level
- B. Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
- C. Giving a very informative and engaging presentation
- D. Weighing students to identify those who are overweight
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Determine the client's current anxiety level. This is the first action the nurse should take as it helps assess the immediate emotional well-being of the client. By understanding the client's anxiety level, the nurse can provide appropriate support and interventions to address any distress or trauma experienced. Evaluating the number of clients with similar diseases (B), giving a presentation (C), and weighing students (D) are not relevant or appropriate actions in this situation. The priority is to address the client's emotional needs and ensure their safety and well-being.
Which information is the nurse assessing when appraising the applicability of a research article?
- A. The intended audience of the article
- B. The degree to which the results relate to a specific population
- C. The accuracy or credibility of the research
- D. The purpose of the research
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The degree to which the results relate to a specific population. This is crucial in determining the relevance and applicability of the research findings to the target population. Assessing the generalizability of the results is essential for making informed decisions in practice.
Incorrect Choices:
A: The intended audience of the article - While important, it does not directly impact the applicability of the research findings to a specific population.
C: The accuracy or credibility of the research - While important for validity, it does not address the specific relevance to a population.
D: The purpose of the research - While understanding the purpose is important, it doesn't directly assess the applicability to a specific population.
Which action will the public health team take during the Exposure Assessment stage of the EPA's four- step risk assessment following a train derailment resulting in a toxic chemical spill?
- A. Identifying potential negative outcomes due to exposure to the toxic chemicals
- B. Identifying how the amount of exposure relates to the severity of negative health outcomes
- C. Quantifying the extent, frequency, and length of contact of the community with the toxic chemicals
- D. Determining how the toxic chemicals are absorbed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the Exposure Assessment stage, the public health team will quantify the extent, frequency, and length of contact of the community with the toxic chemicals. This is crucial for determining the level of risk posed by the exposure. Identifying potential negative outcomes (Choice A) is important but falls under the Hazard Identification stage. Understanding the relationship between exposure amount and health outcomes (Choice B) is part of the Dose-Response Assessment stage. Determining how chemicals interact with the body (Choice D) is covered in the Toxicokinetics stage. Therefore, choice C is correct as it directly addresses the primary focus of the Exposure Assessment stage.
The nurse is developing a PICOT question to study methods to promote smoking cessation in high school students in a rural community. Which statement identifies the targeted population?
- A. The rural community
- B. Community members who smoke
- C. All high school students in the community
- D. High school students in the rural community who smoke
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it specifically identifies the targeted population as high school students in the rural community who smoke, which aligns with the study's focus on smoking cessation in this specific group. Choice A is too broad, choice B includes all community members who smoke, choice C includes all high school students without specifying smoking status. By choosing D, the nurse can focus on a more precise and relevant population for the study.