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Why has there been an increase in the number of acute and chronically ill people residingin the community who need professional nursing care?
- A. Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities
- B. Increase in ambulatory surgery
- C. Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics
- D. Increase in length of stay in emergency departments
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities
Rationale: Shorter stays in long-term care facilities mean patients are discharged sooner, leading to more individuals with acute and chronic illnesses needing nursing care in the community. This trend results in an increased demand for professional nursing care outside of traditional care settings.
Summary:
Choice B (Increase in ambulatory surgery) does not directly relate to the increase in the number of ill people residing in the community, as ambulatory surgery focuses on outpatient procedures.
Choice C (Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics) would actually lead to fewer individuals seeking care in the community, thus not explaining the increase in nursing care needs.
Choice D (Increase in length of stay in emergency departments) is unlikely to result in more individuals needing professional nursing care in the community, as emergency departments typically deal with acute issues that are either resolved or require hospitalization.
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Select the great public health achievements in the United States in the 20th century. (Select all that apply.)
- A. Elimination of common infectious diseases
- B. Recognition of tobacco as a health hazard
- C. Fluoridation of drinking water
- D. Healthier mothers and babies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elimination of common infectious diseases. This achievement significantly improved public health by decreasing morbidity and mortality rates. It was made possible through advancements in vaccination programs, sanitation practices, and public health education. This achievement led to the eradication of diseases like smallpox and the near-elimination of diseases like polio. The other choices are incorrect because although they are also important public health achievements, they do not have the same widespread impact as the elimination of common infectious diseases. Recognizing tobacco as a health hazard (B) led to public health campaigns and regulations but did not have the same broad-reaching impact. Fluoridation of drinking water (C) improved dental health but did not have the same magnitude of impact on overall public health. Healthier mothers and babies (D) is crucial but does not encompass the scope of achievement represented by the elimination of common infectious diseases.
A nurse is teaching at a community health fair about electrical fire prevention. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Remove the plug from the socket by pulling the cord.
- B. Check for a tingling sensation around the cord to ensure the electricity is working.
- C. Cover extension cords with a rug.
- D. Use three-pronged grounded plugs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use three-pronged grounded plugs. This is important because three-pronged grounded plugs help prevent electrical fires by providing a path for excess electricity to safely dissipate, reducing the risk of overheating and sparking. This is crucial in preventing electrical fires.
A: Removing the plug by pulling the cord can damage the cord and increase the risk of electrical hazards.
B: Checking for a tingling sensation is not a reliable method to ensure electricity is working and does not prevent electrical fires.
C: Covering extension cords with a rug can create a fire hazard by trapping heat and increasing the risk of overheating.
E, F, G: No other options were provided.
A health care provider is concerned about the high number of clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have poor glucose control. What would be the best reference for the provider to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) in the management of this problem?
- A. Published protocols
- B. Current research findings
- C. Opinions of colleagues
- D. Nursing journals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Current research findings. This is the best reference for the provider to implement evidence-based practice (EBP) in managing clients with poor glucose control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current research findings provide the latest evidence-based interventions and recommendations that have been rigorously tested and proven effective. By utilizing current research findings, the provider can ensure that the management strategies implemented are based on the most up-to-date and reliable information. Published protocols (choice A) may be outdated or not as evidence-based, opinions of colleagues (choice C) may vary and not always be based on research, and nursing journals (choice D) may contain a mix of research findings and opinions. It's important to prioritize current research findings for the most reliable and effective evidence-based practice in this scenario.
A nurse in the emergency department is interviewing a client immediately following a sexual assault. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Determine the client's current anxiety level
- B. Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
- C. Giving a very informative and engaging presentation
- D. Weighing students to identify those who are overweight
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Determine the client's current anxiety level. This is the first action the nurse should take as it helps assess the immediate emotional well-being of the client. By understanding the client's anxiety level, the nurse can provide appropriate support and interventions to address any distress or trauma experienced. Evaluating the number of clients with similar diseases (B), giving a presentation (C), and weighing students (D) are not relevant or appropriate actions in this situation. The priority is to address the client's emotional needs and ensure their safety and well-being.
Demographic characteristics indicate that people in developed countries are living longer, healthier lives, yet tremendous health and social disparities exist. Which describes social determinants of health?
- A. What society does collectively to ensure the conditions exist in which people can be healthy
- B. Social conditions in which people live and work
- C. Context of preventing disease and disability and promoting and protecting the health of the entire community
- D. Comprehensive management of health information and its secure exchange between consumers, providers, government and quality entities, and insurers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately defines social determinants of health as what society collectively does to create conditions for health. It emphasizes the importance of societal actions in promoting health outcomes for individuals. Choice B refers to social conditions but does not explicitly mention the collective responsibility of society. Choice C focuses on community health but does not encompass the broader societal role. Choice D is about health information management, not social determinants. Choices E, F, and G are not provided, so they are irrelevant. In summary, A is correct as it highlights the societal efforts in creating a healthy environment, while the other choices are incorrect as they do not fully capture the concept of social determinants of health.