Nokea
What is the primary source of mental stimulation in early childhood?
- A. Television
- B. Parental interaction
- C. Toys
- D. School lessons
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parental interaction (B) provides responsive, tailored stimulation critical for early mental development. TV (A) and toys (C) are less interactive, and school lessons (D) come later.
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Which of the following is a priority intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who has been purging?
- A. Ensure the patient has access to therapy and counseling.
- B. Assess and monitor the patient's electrolyte levels.
- C. Encourage the patient to maintain a balanced diet.
- D. Provide education about the dangers of eating disorders.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess and monitor the patient's electrolyte levels. This is the priority intervention because purging in bulimia nervosa can lead to electrolyte imbalances, which can be life-threatening. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias or organ damage.
A: Ensuring access to therapy and counseling is important but not the priority in this case where immediate medical attention is needed for potential electrolyte imbalances.
C: Encouraging a balanced diet is essential in the long term but not the immediate priority when dealing with the potential medical complications of purging.
D: Providing education about dangers is important, but it is not the most critical intervention at this moment compared to monitoring electrolyte levels.
A patient with schizophrenia repeatedly asks for directions and the time of day. The nurse should:
- A. repeat the information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner.
- B. write out the information so the patient can easily refer to it.
- C. tell the patient that the habit of frequent questioning is annoying.
- D. provide the information once and then remind the patient that the question was already asked.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with schizophrenia may have cognitive impairments affecting memory and orientation, leading to repetitive questioning. By repeating information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner, the nurse can address the patient's needs without causing distress.
Choice B may be helpful, but verbal reinforcement is essential for immediate clarification. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the patient's distress and worsen the therapeutic relationship. Choice D does not address the underlying cognitive issue and may come across as dismissive.
Mood disorders are those in which the person may
- A. experience severe depression and threaten suicide
- B. exhibit symptoms suggesting physical disease or injury but for which there is no identifiable cause
- C. exhibit behavior that is the result of an organic brain pathology
- D. experience delusions and hallucinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mood disorders, like depression, feature extreme emotional states, including suicidal ideation.
Which situation would be most likely to serve as a trigger to a catastrophic reaction in a client with stage 2 Alzheimer's disease?
- A. Participating in singing 'Happy Birthday' to another client at dinner
- B. Being scolded by an aide for spilling a glass of milk
- C. Listening to Big Band music from the 1940s
- D. Eating cupcakes in the activities room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because being scolded for spilling milk can trigger feelings of shame, embarrassment, and confusion in a person with Alzheimer's stage 2. This negative interaction can lead to heightened agitation, aggression, or emotional distress due to the client's impaired ability to process and regulate emotions. In contrast, choices A, C, and D involve positive or neutral activities that are less likely to evoke such strong negative emotions or reactions in someone with Alzheimer's disease.
In south and east Asia, a man may experience Koro, which is
- A. schizophrenia
- B. insanity
- C. anxiety about his penis receding into his body
- D. depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Koro is a culture-bound syndrome involving intense anxiety that one's penis is retracting into the body.