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In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Mild Mental Retardation, corresponding to an IQ score between:
- A. 60-65 to 80
- B. 40-55 to 60
- C. 50-55 to 70
- D. 70-75 to 90
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mild Mental Retardation: Defined by DSM-IV-TR as an IQ score between 50-55 to 70.
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A victim of partner abuse, parent of one child, describes the partner as someone who is easily frustrated and more likely to be abusive after experiencing an event in which self-esteem is challenged. The most recent episodes of violence were related to feeling 'upset' over a job loss. What type of therapy would provide the greatest help to the victim?
- A. Individual therapy
- B. Group therapy
- C. Couples therapy
- D. Family therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Individual therapy. In this scenario, individual therapy would be most beneficial because it allows the victim to focus on healing and developing coping strategies for dealing with the abuse and rebuilding self-esteem. Addressing the victim's psychological well-being and empowering them to recognize and address the abusive behavior is crucial. Group therapy (B) may not provide the necessary individualized support. Couples therapy (C) could potentially put the victim at further risk of harm. Family therapy (D) may not address the specific dynamics of the abusive relationship.
Which theme is most likely during family therapy with parents, siblings, and a teen patient with anorexia nervosa who engages in provocative behavior?
- A. Stable coalitions between family members
- B. Interpreting negative messages as positive
- C. Competition between the patient and father
- D. Lack of trust in the patient by family members
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Competition between the patient and father. In family therapy with a teen patient with anorexia nervosa, the theme of competition between the patient and a parental figure, often the father, can be prominent. The rationale is that the father's influence and expectations can contribute to the teen's feelings of inadequacy and drive for control through anorexic behaviors. This dynamic can be explored and addressed in therapy to improve family relationships and support the patient's recovery.
A: Stable coalitions between family members - This is less likely as anorexia nervosa often disrupts family dynamics.
B: Interpreting negative messages as positive - While this can be a relevant theme, it is not as central to the specific scenario described.
D: Lack of trust in the patient by family members - While trust issues may exist, the theme of competition is more relevant in this context.
A patient with schizophrenia repeatedly asks for directions and the time of day. The nurse should:
- A. repeat the information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner.
- B. write out the information so the patient can easily refer to it.
- C. tell the patient that the habit of frequent questioning is annoying.
- D. provide the information once and then remind the patient that the question was already asked.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with schizophrenia may have cognitive impairments affecting memory and orientation, leading to repetitive questioning. By repeating information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner, the nurse can address the patient's needs without causing distress.
Choice B may be helpful, but verbal reinforcement is essential for immediate clarification. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the patient's distress and worsen the therapeutic relationship. Choice D does not address the underlying cognitive issue and may come across as dismissive.
A patient with bipolar disorder is hyperactive and has not slept for 3 days. Mood and behavior are labile. The patient threatens to hit another patient. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Stop that now. No one did anything to provoke an attack by you.
- B. If you try that again, you will be placed in seclusion immediately.
- C. Do not hit anyone. If you are unable to control yourself, we will help you.
- D. You know we will not let you hit anyone. Why do you continue this behavior?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it acknowledges the patient's struggle to control their behavior and offers support. It emphasizes the importance of not hitting anyone while also reassuring the patient that help is available if needed. This response promotes a therapeutic environment by setting clear boundaries and offering assistance rather than using threats or aggression.
Choice A is incorrect as it may escalate the situation by using a confrontational tone, potentially provoking further aggression. Choice B is also incorrect as it threatens the patient with seclusion, which can be seen as punitive and may not address the underlying issues causing the behavior. Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide a clear directive to prevent violence and instead questions the patient's behavior without offering immediate support.
The drug of choice for treating Tourette syndrome?
- A. Fluoxetine
- B. Fluvoxamine
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Paroxetine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic commonly used to reduce tics in Tourette syndrome by modulating dopamine activity.