TEAS 7 practice test science

TEAS 7 practice test science Related

Review TEAS 7 practice test science related questions and content

What is the process of removing waste products from the cell called?

  • A. Exocytosis
  • B. Endocytosis
  • C. Phagocytosis
  • D. Pinocytosis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A) Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel waste products or other substances by fusing a vesicle containing the waste with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing waste products from the cell.

B) Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. This process is the opposite of exocytosis and is used to bring substances into the cell.

C) Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf solid particles or other cells to form a vesicle called a phagosome. This process is used by immune cells to engulf and destroy pathogens.

D) Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf fluids and dissolved solutes. This process allows cells to take in nutrients.

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Which structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain, allowing communication and coordination between them?

  • A. Corpus callosum
  • B. Thalamus
  • C. Hypothalamus
  • D. Medulla oblongata
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the corpus callosum. It is a thick band of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain, facilitating communication and coordination between them. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, the hypothalamus regulates basic functions like hunger and thirst, and the medulla oblongata controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically connect the two hemispheres of the brain as the corpus callosum does.

Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle movement?

  • A. Dopamine
  • B. Acetylcholine
  • C. Serotonin
  • D. GABA
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for muscle movement. It is released from motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction and binds to receptors on muscle fibers, initiating muscle contraction. Dopamine, serotonin, and GABA serve different functions in the brain and body, such as regulating mood, sleep, and inhibitory signaling, respectively. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of muscle movement.

Which type of epithelial tissue lines the inner lining of your intestines, responsible for absorption?

  • A. Stratified squamous
  • B. Simple columnar
  • C. Stratified cuboidal
  • D. Transitional epithelium
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is simple columnar epithelium. This type of epithelial tissue is well-suited for absorption and secretion due to its tall, column-like shape and the presence of microvilli on its surface, which increase the surface area for absorption in organs like the intestines. Simple columnar epithelium is the ideal choice for the inner lining of the intestines as it allows for efficient nutrient absorption. Stratified squamous epithelium is typically found in areas subjected to abrasion, like the skin, and not suited for absorption. Stratified cuboidal epithelium is rare and found in specific gland ducts, not in the intestines. Transitional epithelium is specialized for stretching and is primarily found in the urinary system, not involved in absorption processes in the intestines.

What property of a substance remains constant regardless of the amount of the substance present?

  • A. Mass
  • B. Weight
  • C. Density
  • D. Volume
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Density. Density is a physical property of a substance that remains constant regardless of the amount of the substance present. Mass (Choice A) is the amount of matter in an object and can change depending on the amount of the substance. Weight (Choice B) is the force exerted on an object due to gravity and can vary with location. Volume (Choice D) is the amount of space occupied by a substance and can change if the amount of the substance changes.

What is the main target organ for insulin, the hormone produced by the pancreas?

  • A. Liver
  • B. Kidneys
  • C. Muscles
  • D. Brain
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The main target organ for insulin is muscles. Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism by promoting the uptake of glucose into muscle cells. This glucose can then be utilized for energy production or stored for later use. Therefore, muscles are the primary site where insulin exerts its effects on glucose uptake and utilization. The liver primarily responds to insulin by regulating glucose storage and release, but the main target for insulin-mediated glucose uptake is muscles. Kidneys are not a target organ for insulin action in glucose metabolism. The brain does not heavily rely on insulin for glucose uptake as it primarily uses glucose independently of insulin for energy production.

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