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What is the purpose of amniocentesis for a patient hospitalized at 34 weeks of gestation with pregnancy-induced hypertension?
- A. Determine if a metabolic disorder exists.
- B. Identify the sex of the fetus.
- C. Identify abnormal fetal cells.
- D. Determine fetal lung maturity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At 34 weeks, amniocentesis is primarily used to assess fetal lung maturity, which is critical if early delivery is being considered.
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An antenatal client is informing the nurse of her prenatal signs and symptoms. Which of the following findings would the nurse determine are presumptive signs of pregnancy? Select all that apply.
- A. Amenorrhea.
- B. Breast tenderness.
- C. Quickening.
- D. Frequent urination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Presumptive signs of pregnancy are subjective and include amenorrhea, breast tenderness, quickening, and frequent urination. Uterine growth is a probable sign of pregnancy.
Which finding would the nurse view as normal when evaluating the laboratory reports of a 34-week gestation client?
- A. Anemia.
- B. Thrombocytopenia.
- C. Polycythemia.
- D. Hyperbilirubinemia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anemia is relatively common in pregnancy due to increased blood volume and iron demands. Polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperbilirubinemia are not typical findings.
A gravid woman who recently emigrated from mainland China is being seen at her first prenatal visit. She was never vaccinated in her home country. An injection to prevent which of the following communicable diseases should be administered to the woman during her pregnancy?
- A. Influenza.
- B. Mumps.
- C. Rubella.
- D. Varicella.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Influenza vaccination is safe and recommended during pregnancy to protect both the mother and fetus. Vaccines for Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella are live attenuated vaccines and are contraindicated during pregnancy.
What is the most common complication of a cesarean birth?
- A. infection
- B. hemorrhage
- C. urinary retention
- D. scar tissue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: infection. Infection is the most common complication of a cesarean birth due to the incision made during the procedure, which can introduce bacteria. Infections can lead to various complications if not treated promptly. Hemorrhage (B) can occur but is less common than infection. Urinary retention (C) and scar tissue (D) are potential complications of cesarean birth but are not as common as infection.
A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation who is experiencing severe leg cramps. What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?
- A. Encourage the patient to perform gentle stretching exercises and elevate the legs.
- B. Instruct the patient to take calcium supplements to prevent cramps.
- C. Apply heat or cold packs to the affected area to reduce pain.
- D. Administer pain medications to alleviate discomfort.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because gentle stretching exercises help relieve muscle tension and improve circulation, alleviating leg cramps. Elevating the legs can also help reduce swelling and promote blood flow. Choice B is incorrect because while calcium is essential for muscle function, it is not the primary intervention for acute leg cramps. Choice C may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying cause of the cramps. Choice D should be avoided in pregnancy unless absolutely necessary due to potential risks to the fetus.