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What is the purpose of initiating contractions in a contraction stress test (CST)?
- A. Increase placental blood flow.
- B. Identify fetal acceleration patterns.
- C. Determine the degree of fetal activity.
- D. Apply a stressful stimulus to the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The CST assesses fetal response to the stress of uterine contractions to determine if the fetus can tolerate labor.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who is 32 weeks pregnant and is concerned about gestational diabetes. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Gestational diabetes is usually temporary and will resolve after delivery.
- B. Gestational diabetes increases the risk of the baby developing diabetes later in life.
- C. You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet.
- D. Gestational diabetes is rare and typically does not require treatment.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can control gestational diabetes with regular exercise and a healthy diet." This is the most appropriate statement because managing gestational diabetes through lifestyle modifications like regular exercise and a healthy diet is a key component of treatment. By controlling blood sugar levels through these methods, complications for both the mother and baby can be reduced.
Choice A is incorrect because gestational diabetes may not always resolve after delivery and can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. Choice B is incorrect as it confuses the risk of the baby developing diabetes with the mother's condition. Choice D is incorrect as gestational diabetes is not rare and requires monitoring and sometimes treatment to manage effectively.
A client is 15 weeks pregnant. She calls the obstetric office to request a medication for a headache. The nurse answers the telephone. Which of the following is the nurse’s best response?
- A. Because the organ systems in the baby are developing right now, it is risky to take medicine.
- B. You can take any of the over-the-counter medications because they are all safe in pregnancy.
- C. The physician will prescribe a category 'X' medication for you.
- D. You can take acetaminophen because it is a category 'B' medicine.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetaminophen is a category 'B' medication, which is considered safe during pregnancy. Other over-the-counter medications may not be safe, and category 'X' medications are contraindicated.
The primary reason for evaluating alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in maternal serum is to determine whether the fetus has which condition?
- A. Hemophilia
- B. Sickle cell anemia
- C. A neural tube defect
- D. Abnormal lecithin-to-sphingomyelin ratio
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An open neural tube allows a high level of AFP to seep into the amniotic fluid and enter maternal serum, indicating a neural tube defect.
What is the purpose of initiating contractions in a contraction stress test (CST)?
- A. Increase placental blood flow.
- B. Identify fetal acceleration patterns.
- C. Determine the degree of fetal activity.
- D. Apply a stressful stimulus to the fetus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The CST assesses fetal response to the stress of uterine contractions to determine if the fetus can tolerate labor.
A nurse is caring for a laboring person and is monitoring for signs of fetal distress. Which finding is the most concerning in this situation?
- A. Late decelerations
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Tachycardia
- D. Variable decelerations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Late decelerations. Late decelerations indicate uteroplacental insufficiency, which can lead to fetal hypoxia and distress. This is the most concerning finding as it indicates a problem with oxygen delivery to the fetus. Bradycardia (B) and Tachycardia (C) can also be concerning, but late decelerations are more specific to fetal distress. Variable decelerations (D) are caused by cord compression and are concerning but not as indicative of fetal distress as late decelerations.