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What is the purpose of ovarian reserve testing in fertility assessments?
- A. To predict the likelihood of multiple pregnancies.
- B. To estimate the quantity and quality of a woman's remaining eggs.
- C. To assess uterine health and readiness for implantation.
- D. To monitor hormone levels during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The purpose of ovarian reserve testing in fertility assessments is to estimate the quantity and quality of a woman's remaining eggs. This is crucial in determining a woman's fertility potential and likelihood of success with fertility treatments. By assessing ovarian reserve, healthcare providers can gauge how many eggs a woman has left and how well they are likely to respond to fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). This information is essential for personalized fertility planning. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the main purpose of ovarian reserve testing, which is specifically focused on evaluating a woman's egg quantity and quality.
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Which instruction by the nurse should be included in the teaching plan for an infertile woman who has been shown to have a 28-day biphasic menstrual cycle?
- A. Douche with a cider vinegar solution immediately before having intercourse.
- B. Schedule intercourse every day from day 8 to day 14 of the menstrual cycle.
- C. Be placed on follicle-stimulating hormone therapy by the fertility specialist.
- D. Assess the basal body temperature pattern for at least 6 more months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intercourse during the fertile window (days 8–14 in a 28-day cycle) maximizes conception chances.
A nurse working in an infertility clinic should include which of the following in her discussions with the couple?
- A. Adoption as an alternative to infertility treatments.
- B. The legal controversy surrounding artificial insemination.
- C. The need to seek marriage counseling before undergoing infertility treatments.
- D. Statistics regarding the number of couples who never learn why they are infertile.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adoption is a practical and compassionate alternative for couples struggling with infertility.
A woman has been advised that the reason she has had a number of spontaneous abortions is because she has an inheritable mutation. Which of the following situations is consistent with this statement?
- A. A client developed skin cancer after being exposed to the sun.
- B. A client developed colon cancer from an inherited dominant gene.
- C. A reciprocal translocation was reported on a client's genetic analysis.
- D. A client's left arm failed to develop when she was a fetus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reciprocal translocations can disrupt genes and lead to recurrent miscarriages.
A nurse is educating a patient about frozen embryo transfer (FET). What should be emphasized?
- A. FET requires daily hormone injections for success.
- B. FET involves transferring previously frozen embryos into the uterus.
- C. FET is only performed if natural conception is impossible.
- D. FET guarantees a successful pregnancy outcome.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FET involves transferring previously frozen embryos into the uterus. This is because FET is a process where frozen embryos from a previous IVF cycle are thawed and transferred into the uterus. The other choices are incorrect: A is false as hormone injections may not be required daily, C is false as FET can be done for various reasons beyond just natural conception issues, and D is false as success is not guaranteed in any fertility treatment.
The procedure in which ova are removed by laparoscopy, mixed with sperm, and the embryo(s) returned to the woman's uterus is
- A. in vitro fertilization (IVF).
- B. tubal embryo transfer (TET).
- C. therapeutic insemination (IUI).
- D. gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: in vitro fertilization (IVF). In IVF, ova are retrieved via laparoscopy, fertilized with sperm in a lab dish, and then the resulting embryo(s) are transferred back to the woman's uterus. This process allows for fertilization to occur outside the body.
Incorrect choices:
B: Tubal embryo transfer (TET) involves transferring embryos directly into the fallopian tubes, not the uterus.
C: Therapeutic insemination (IUI) is the process of injecting sperm directly into the uterus, not involving the removal and fertilization of ova.
D: Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) involves transferring both eggs and sperm into the fallopian tubes for fertilization to occur internally, not in a lab dish.