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What is the rationale for the nurse to assess a patient's knowledge of an ordered procedure?
- A. To determine difficulties the patient may encounter
- B. To determine the nurse's role in the procedure
- C. To determine health teaching required
- D. To determine anxiety the patient has
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse will need to assess the patient's knowledge of the procedure to determine the level of health care teaching needed.
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What is the probable source of bright red blood in the stool?
- A. Stomach
- B. Small intestine
- C. Lower gastrointestinal tract
- D. Higher intestinal tract
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When blood in the stool is bright red, the site of bleeding is most likely from the lower gastrointestinal tract.
What should the nurse do when preparing the patient for an abdominal scan?
- A. Assess laboratory results only for liver function.
- B. Assess patient for allergies to dye or shellfish.
- C. Instruct patient to limit fluid intake immediately following procedure.
- D. Instruct patient to be NPO for 1 hour before scan if contrast medium is used.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient should be assessed for allergies to dye or shellfish. When a patient has an abdominal scan, laboratory results should be assessed for kidney function. The patient should be instructed to be NPO for 4 hours before the examination if contrast medium is to be used. The patient should be encouraged to consume fluids after the examination.
What should the nurse do when preparing the patient for a bronchoscopy?
- A. Instruct the patient to hold his or her breath during the procedure.
- B. Instruct the patient to remain NPO 24 hours before the procedure.
- C. Obtain informed consent after premedicating the patient.
- D. Reassure the patient that he or she will be able to breathe during the procedure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should reassure a patient before a bronchoscopy that they will be able to breathe during the procedure. The patient is instructed to remain NPO after midnight (4 to 8 hours) before the procedure. Informed consent must be obtained before the patient is premedicated.
What should the nurse do when preparing the patient for a brain scan?
- A. Allow the patient to wear a wig during the scan.
- B. Allow the patient to wear a partial denture plate during the scan.
- C. Inform the patient that a clicking noise will be heard during the scan.
- D. Keep the patient NPO for 12 hours before scan if contrast dye is used.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before a brain scan, the patient is kept NPO for 4 hours if contrast dye is to be used, the patient is instructed not to wear a wig, hairpins, clips, or partial denture plates, and the nurse informs the patient that a clicking noise is made as the scanner moves.
The nurse explains that electrocardiograms are graphic representations of electric impulses generated by the heart. What type of abnormalities can an electrocardiogram identify?
- A. Those that produce a cardiac cycle
- B. Those that interfere with electric conduction
- C. Those that result from an interrupted blood flow
- D. Those that interfere with heart contraction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Electrocardiograms identify abnormalities that interfere with electric conduction.