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What is the recommended method of feeding for a preterm newborn who is not yet able to coordinate sucking and swallowing?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Tube feeding
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tube feeding is recommended for preterm newborns who cannot yet coordinate sucking and swallowing.
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What is the recommended method of feeding for a newborn with phenylketonuria (PKU)?
- A. Breastfeeding
- B. Formula feeding
- C. Lowphenylalanine formula feeding
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lowphenylalanine formula feeding is recommended for newborns with PKU.
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a newly admitted client who is at 32 weeks of gestation. Which of the following conditions is an indication for fetal assessment using electronic fetal monitoring?
- A. Oligohydramnios.
- B. Hyperemesis gravidarum.
- C. Leukorrhea.
- D. Periodic tingling of the fingers.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oligohydramnios, or low amniotic fluid, is an indication for electronic fetal monitoring as it can be associated with fetal distress and other complications.
Which stage of labor is characterized by the period between the end of the third stage and the mother's recovery from delivery?
- A. First stage
- B. Second stage
- C. Third stage
- D. Fourth stage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fourth stage. The fourth stage of labor is the period immediately following the delivery of the baby and placenta, lasting up to 2 hours. This stage is crucial for monitoring the mother's vital signs and ensuring she recovers from the delivery process. It is characterized by postpartum uterine contractions, monitoring for excessive bleeding, and observing for signs of maternal complications. The first stage refers to the onset of labor until full dilation, the second stage is active labor and delivery of the baby, and the third stage is the delivery of the placenta. Therefore, the fourth stage is specifically focused on the mother's recovery from delivery, making it the correct choice.
What is the function of the amniotic fluid during pregnancy?
- A. To protect the fetus from infection
- B. To cushion the fetus from physical trauma
- C. To regulate fetal temperature
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amniotic fluid protects the fetus from infection, cushions it from trauma, and helps regulate temperature.
Which of the following is a professional standard for nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Promotion of health equity
- B. Provision of patient-centered care
- C. Advocacy for social justice
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. "All of the above" is the professional standard for nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare because it encompasses all three essential aspects: promotion of health equity, provision of patient-centered care, and advocacy for social justice. Nurses must address health disparities, prioritize individualized care for patients, and advocate for fair and equitable healthcare practices. Choosing A, B, or C individually would be limiting, as they are all interconnected and crucial in providing comprehensive care. Therefore, selecting D ensures that nurses adhere to all professional standards essential in maternal and newborn healthcare.