Nokea
What is the relationship between hyperlipidaemia and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)?
- A. Hyperlipidaemia contributes to the development of NASH
- B. NASH contributes to the development of hyperlipidaemia
- C. There is no relationship between hyperlipidaemia and NASH
- D. Answers 1 and 2 are correct
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NASH and hyperlipidaemia dance both ways high lipids pile fat, NASH pumps them back, a chronic loop. No split or null fits nurses track this lipid-liver ping-pong.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following medication is recommended for all patients with NAFLD in improving liver histology?
- A. Statins
- B. Aspirins
- C. Ursodeoxycholic acid
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NAFLD no med fits all; statins, aspirin, ursodiol, E lack universal proof. Nurses skip this chronic blanket pill.
Which is not an AIDS defining illness?
- A. oesophageal candidiasis
- B. Herpes Zoster
- C. CD4 count <200 cells/microL
- D. Pulmonary TB
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herpes zoster's no AIDS marker just shingles, common even sans HIV collapse. Oesophageal thrush, PCP, TB scream opportunists; CD4's a lab line, not illness. Nurses flag true definers chronic crash signs not this skin flare anyone catches.
A 56 year old lady with Type 2 DM and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 is reviewed by her family doctor due to poor glycaemic control. She is treated with oral gliclazide since she is diagnosed as diabetic and currently she is on 160 mg bid. Her serum creatinine is 110 μmol/L. Which ONE of the following medications should be most appropriately to be added next?
- A. Metformin
- B. Acarbose
- C. Pioglitazone
- D. Insulin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gliclazide maxed, HbA1c off metformin's next, safe at creatinine 110 (eGFR likely 50+), tackling insulin resistance in obesity. Acarbose slows carbs, pioglitazone risks fluid, insulin's later, linagliptin's fine but less foundational. Nurses add this chronic sugar anchor, boosting control without kidney strain.
A patient with lung cancer develops syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). After reporting symptoms of weight gain, weakness, and nausea and vomiting to the physician, you would anticipate which initial order for the treatment of this patient?
- A. A fluid bolus as ordered
- B. Fluid restrictions as ordered
- C. Urinalysis as ordered
- D. Sodium-restricted diet as ordered
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SIADH, common in lung cancer, overproduces ADH, retaining water and diluting sodium hyponatremia causes weight gain, weakness, nausea. Fluid restriction, the initial fix, curbs water intake, raising sodium levels naturally, tackling the root imbalance. A fluid bolus worsens dilution, risking seizures. Urinalysis checks concentration, not a treatment. Sodium restriction deepens hyponatremia, counterproductive. Anticipating fluid limits aligns with SIADH's pathophysiology nurses expect this order to stabilize the patient, monitoring for symptom relief or escalation, a frontline step in managing this paraneoplastic crisis.
The following strategies can be used to help patients overcome the barriers and challenges faced in insulin therapy EXCEPT:
- A. Engage the patient in shared decision making
- B. Threaten the patient into adherence with insulin therapy
- C. Provide close supervision and follow-up when the patient is newly initiated on insulin therapy
- D. Offer measures to reduce weight gain through lifestyle and dietary advice, concomitant use of insulin with metformin, SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLPIRA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin's hurdles yield to shared decisions, close watch, weight tricks, and goal setting empowering, not bullying. Threats tank trust and adherence, backfiring in chronic care where buy-in's king. Support beats scare tactics, aligning with diabetes' need for partnership, a strategy flop amid solid aids.