Nokea
What is the source and function of HCG?
- A. uterus; cause labor
- B. ovary; stimulates FSH
- C. placenta; inhibits LH
- D. placenta; mimics LH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: placenta; mimics LH.
Rationale:
1. HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) is produced by the placenta during pregnancy.
2. HCG mimics the action of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) to support the corpus luteum in producing progesterone.
3. This helps maintain the uterine lining and supports the pregnancy.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Uterus does not produce HCG, and it does not cause labor.
B: Incorrect - Ovary does not produce HCG, and it does not stimulate FSH.
C: Incorrect - Placenta produces HCG, but it does not inhibit LH; instead, it mimics LH's actions.
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Which of the following is an example of ovoviviparity?
- A. Honeybees lay soft eggs within the hive
- B. Sharks hatch from shell-covered fertilized eggs within the female's body.
- C. Birds hatch from shell covered fertilized eggs laid within a nest.
- D. Fetal mammals obtain nourishment from the mother through a placent
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ovoviviparity is a reproductive strategy where fertilized eggs develop within the female's body but are not nourished by the mother. Choice C is correct because birds lay fertilized eggs within a nest where they hatch, indicating the eggs were developed internally. Choice A is incorrect as honeybees do not exhibit ovoviviparity. Choice B is incorrect as sharks exhibit viviparity, where embryos develop inside the mother but are nourished directly. Choice D is incorrect as it describes placental nourishment in mammals, which is not characteristic of ovoviviparity.
Cowper's gland is another name for:
- A. Prostate gland
- B. Testes
- C. Bulbourethral glands
- D. Preputial glands
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bulbourethral glands. Cowper's gland is another name for the bulbourethral glands, which are responsible for producing a lubricating fluid that helps neutralize acidity in the urethra before ejaculation. The prostate gland (A) is responsible for producing seminal fluid, the testes (B) are responsible for producing sperm, and the preputial glands (D) are glands found in the foreskin of the penis. Therefore, the bulbourethral glands (C) are the correct answer because they align with the function and location of Cowper's gland.
__________ is an example of an oviparous animal.
- A. Pigeon
- B. Elephant
- C. Sheep
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pigeon. Oviparous animals lay eggs to reproduce, like birds. Pigeons belong to the avian class, known for laying eggs. Elephants and sheep are viviparous mammals, giving birth to live young. "None of the above" is incorrect as pigeons are indeed oviparous.
You are working in the ED when a client with possible toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is admitted. The physician has given all of these orders. Which one will you implement first?
- A. Remove client's tampon.
- B. Obtain blood cultures from two sites.
- C. Give O2 at 6 L/minute.
- D. Infuse nafcillin (Unipen) 500 mg IV.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Removing the tampon eliminates the source of infection, which is critical in managing TSS.
Testosterone is converted to _____ in the prostate.
- A. cholesterol
- B. estrogen
- C. progesterone
- D. dihydrotestosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: dihydrotestosterone. Testosterone is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostate by the enzyme 5-alpha reductase. DHT is a more potent androgen that plays a crucial role in prostate growth and development. Choice A (cholesterol) is incorrect as it is not a product of testosterone conversion in the prostate. Choice B (estrogen) is incorrect as testosterone is not directly converted to estrogen in the prostate. Choice C (progesterone) is incorrect as progesterone is not the main product of testosterone conversion in the prostate.