Nokea
What is the strongest known risk factor for MS?
- A. cigarette smoking
- B. genetics
- C. obesity
- D. living in northern climates
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetics is the strongest known risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). While environmental factors like vitamin D deficiency and smoking can influence risk, having a family history of MS significantly increases an individual's likelihood of developing the condition.
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The nurse is providing post-procedure care for a patient recovering from a lumbar puncture. Which order should the nurse anticipate for this patient?
- A. Keep the patient NPO for 4 hours.
- B. Have the patient lie flat for 6 hours.
- C. Monitor the patient's pedal pulses every 4 hours.
- D. Keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees for 8 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a lumbar puncture, the patient should lie flat for 6 to 8 hours to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage and reduce the risk of a spinal headache. Monitoring pedal pulses or elevating the head of the bed is not necessary. Proper post-procedure care minimizes complications.
Early in the care of the patient diagnosed with a right-sided brain stroke and disturbed visual sensory perception related to homonymous hemianopsia, what should the nurse do?
- A. Place objects on the right side within the patient's field of vision.
- B. Approach the patient from the left side to encourage the patient to turn the head.
- C. Place objects on the patient's left side to assess the patient's ability to compensate.
- D. Patch the affected eye to encourage the patient to turn the head to scan the environment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to turn their head helps them become aware of their blind side
Which of the following symptoms should the nurse closely monitor for in a client with a compartment syndrome in the upper arm?
- A. Epicondylitis
- B. Carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Volkmann's contracture
- D. Ganglion cyst
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Volkmann's contracture is a serious complication of compartment syndrome.
Before discharge a patient who has Lightcast applied to immobilize a fracture of the forearm should be taught that
- A. Lightcast may become repeatedly wet during bathing or showering and should be thoroughly dried by using a hair dryer
- B. when bathing or showering the Lightcast should be kept dry by covering it securely with a plastic bag
- C. frequent exposure of the Lightcast to water will cause it to disintegrate but occasional moisture will do no damage
- D. it takes only 10 hours for Lighteast to become hard and dry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the Lightcast dry prevents potential weakening or damage to the cast material.
During the acute phase of dermatomyositis, what is an appropriate patient outcome?
- A. Relates improvement in pain
- B. Does not experience aspiration
- C. Performs active ROM four times daily
- D. Maintains absolute rest of affected joints
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preventing aspiration is critical in dermatomyositis.