Nokea
What is the structural composition of the liver?
- A. Composed of lobules with hepatocytes radiating from a central vein
- B. Composed of flat epithelial sheets
- C. Composed of acini surrounding ducts
- D. Composed of fibrous tissue only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver consists of lobules, functional units where hepatocytes radiate from a central vein, facilitating its metabolic roles.
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A patient presents with persistent bloating, gas, and diarrhea after consuming dairy products. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
- A. Impaired carbohydrate digestion
- B. Impaired protein digestion
- C. Impaired fat digestion
- D. Impaired lactose digestion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lactose intolerance, due to lactase deficiency, leads to impaired lactose digestion, causing bloating, gas, and diarrhea after dairy consumption.
Kupffer cells, one of the following is not true:
- A. May contain Hemosiderin granules
- B. Motile within liver blood sinusoids
- C. Phagocytic cells present mainly in space of Disse
- D. Form part of the liver sinusoidal wall
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kupffer cells are phagocytic and part of the sinusoidal wall, but they are in the lumen, not the space of Disse.
About soft palate, all true Except:
- A. Separates nasopharynx upwards from oropharynx downwards
- B. Superior surface covered by stratified columnar
- C. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium on inferior surface
- D. Contain striated muscle with strong connective tissue between muscle bundles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The superior surface of the soft palate is covered by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium), not stratified columnar, due to its proximity to the nasopharynx.
The pH in the mouth decreases after eating. Which statement explains the decrease in pH?
- A. Bacteria release acids when respiring food substances.
- B. Enzymes in saliva release acids during digestion.
- C. Food substances become alkaline when chewed.
- D. Salivary glands release an alkaline solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacterial metabolism of food releases acids, lowering the pH in the mouth.
Match each term with the correct description: carries urine from bladder to outside of the body
- A. urethra
- B. urinary system
- C. bladder
- D. kidneys
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The urethra carries urine from the bladder to the outside.