Nokea
What is the term for a common and harmless skin condition on an infant’s scalp that presents as yellow scaly patches with a red rash?
- A. erythema toxicum
- B. eczema
- C. a skin allergy
- D. cradle cap
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cradle cap is a common, harmless condition characterized by yellow scaly patches on the scalp.
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The perinatal nurse wants to contact the pediatrician about a heart murmur that was auscultated during a newborn assessment. During what time frame would hearing the murmur lead the nurse to contact the health-care provider?
- A. 8 to 12 hours
- B. 12 to 24 hours
- C. 24 to 48 hours
- D. 48 to 72 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is not uncommon to hear murmurs in infants less than 24 hours old. Hearing a murmur after 48 hours indicates a need for further investigation
What characteristics are directly related to the newborn’s decreased ability to maintain thermal stability?
- A. A neonate has decreased subcutaneous fat and a large body surface-to-weight ratio.
- B. The blood vessels in the neonate are farther from the skin than those of an adult.
- C. Newborns are unable to rely on brown adipose tissue for heat production.
- D. The newborn prefers to be in constant motion, increasing the surface area exposed to the environment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Newborns have less subcutaneous fat and a higher surface-to-weight ratio, making thermoregulation challenging.
A woman who has just delivered has decided to bottle feed her full term infant. Which of the following should be included in the patient teaching?
- A. It is best to heat the baby’s bottle in the microwave before feeding.
- B. You should prepare enough bottles for 24 hours of feedings.
- C. The bottle nipples should be enlarged to ease the baby’s sucking.
- D. The baby’s stools will appear bright yellow and will have a smell similar to sour milk.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preparing enough bottles for 24 hours ensures convenience and hygiene. Microwaving can create hot spots, and enlarged nipples are unnecessary.
The nurse is assessing a newborn and notes a nevus flammeus birthmark. Which of the following figures depicts this birthmark?
- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. D
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because nevus flammeus, also known as a port-wine stain, is a flat, pink, or red birthmark that appears as a patch on the skin. Choice C depicts a birthmark that matches this description. Choice A shows a mole, choice B shows a café-au-lait spot, and choice D shows a strawberry hemangioma, which are different types of birthmarks. So, choice C is the only one that accurately represents a nevus flammeus birthmark.
The nurse is completing an initial assessment of the newborn. The newborn's ears appear to be parallel to the outer and inner canthus of the eye. How does the nurse document the ear placement?
- A. low set
- B. high set
- C. a normal position
- D. facial paralysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Observe the newborn's ears are parallel to the outer and inner canthus of the eye.
Step 2: Compare the observed ear placement to the standard positioning.
Step 3: If the ears align with the eye canthus, document as "a normal position" (Choice C).
Rationale: Parallel ear position indicates normal development. Low set (Choice A) or high set (Choice B) ears suggest abnormalities. Facial paralysis (Choice D) is not related to ear placement in this context.