Cardiovascular System Exam Questions

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions related questions and content

What is the term used to describe a condition where the blood flow to the brain is temporarily interrupted, often referred to as a 'mini-stroke'?

  • A. Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
  • B. Stroke
  • C. Myocardial infarction
  • D. Pulmonary embolism
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transient ischemic attack (TIA). A TIA is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, causing stroke-like symptoms that usually resolve within 24 hours. It is often referred to as a 'mini-stroke' because the symptoms are similar to a stroke but last for a shorter duration.

Explanation:
1. TIA specifically describes a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, aligning with the scenario described in the question.
2. Stroke (Choice B) refers to a more severe and lasting interruption of blood flow to the brain, not a temporary one as seen in a TIA.
3. Myocardial infarction (Choice C) refers to a heart attack, which involves blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, not the brain.
4. Pulmonary embolism (Choice D) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs, not related to blood flow interruption to the brain.

In summary,

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Mrs. Payer's care plan during the acute phase following MI should include attention to such psychologic aspects as fear, stress, and hopefulness. Therapeutic goals from the time of admission must be geared to

  • A. acceptance
  • B. rehabilitation
  • C. slowing down
  • D. dependence
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acceptance facilitates adaptation to illness.

The healthcare provider is monitoring a client receiving lidocaine IV. What side effect is the healthcare provider most concerned about?

  • A. Severe headache
  • B. Nausea and vomiting
  • C. Seizures
  • D. Tremors
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Seizures. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause central nervous system toxicity, leading to seizures. This is the most concerning side effect because it can be life-threatening. Severe headache (A) is not typically associated with lidocaine toxicity. Nausea and vomiting (B) are common side effects but not the most concerning. Tremors (D) can occur but are not as serious as seizures in this context.

In auscultating over a peripheral artery, what sound would suggest obstruction of the artery?

  • A. Dullness
  • B. Tympany
  • C. Bruit
  • D. Vibrations
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A bruit is an abnormal sound heard over an artery due to turbulent blood flow, often indicating partial obstruction.

The nurse is caring for a client on heparin. What is the most important lab value to monitor?

  • A. aPTT
  • B. INR
  • C. Platelet count
  • D. Hemoglobin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: aPTT. This lab value is crucial for monitoring heparin therapy as it measures the effectiveness of the medication in preventing blood clots. Monitoring aPTT helps ensure the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent bleeding or clotting complications. Incorrect choices:
B: INR is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin.
C: Platelet count is important, but aPTT is more directly related to heparin therapy.
D: Hemoglobin is important for assessing anemia but not specific to monitoring heparin therapy.

What is most organ damage in hypertension related to?

  • A. Increased fluid pressure exerted against organ tissue
  • B. Atherosclerotic changes in vessels that supply the organs
  • C. Erosion and thinning of blood vessels from constant pressure
  • D. Increased hydrostatic pressure causing leakage of plasma into organ interstitial spaces
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atherosclerosis impairs organ perfusion.

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