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What is the therapeutic action of Phenytoin?
- A. Antidiabetic
- B. Anticonvulsant
- C. Mood stabilizer
- D. Antianxiety agent
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin is primarily used as an anticonvulsant to prevent and control seizures. It works by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain, making it effective in managing conditions like epilepsy. Antidiabetic medications are used to regulate blood sugar levels, mood stabilizers help manage mood disorders, and antianxiety agents are used to reduce anxiety symptoms, none of which are the primary therapeutic action of Phenytoin.
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Drugs that can be used for what is lacking in the body. :
- A. stimulant ;
- B. depressants;
- C. irritants ;
- D. supplements ;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supplements are drugs that can be used to provide the body with essential nutrients that may be lacking. They are designed to complement the diet and help fulfill specific nutritional needs, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, or other substances. Unlike stimulants, depressants, or irritants that affect the central nervous system in various ways, supplements aim to provide a beneficial addition to the body's existing resources. Prophylactics, on the other hand, are preventive methods or medications used to protect against diseases or health issues, rather than addressing existing deficiencies like supplements.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer Diltiazem IV to a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional report immediately?
- A. Bradycardia.
- B. Hypertension.
- C. Shortness of breath.
- D. Tachycardia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client has a new prescription for Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) injections. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will need to take this medication for the rest of my life.
- B. I will stop taking the medication when my symptoms improve.
- C. I should take this medication with food.
- D. I will need to avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking this medication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
When teaching a client who has a prescription for Lisinopril, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Monitor for a persistent cough.
- C. Expect to have increased appetite.
- D. Avoid foods high in potassium.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client is prescribed Amitriptyline for depression. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 24 to 48 hours.
- B. Discontinue the medication after a week of improved mood.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Decrease dietary fiber intake to control diarrhea.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Changing positions slowly can help prevent orthostatic hypotension, a common adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline. It is essential to educate the client to avoid sudden position changes to minimize the risk of dizziness and falls. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Therapeutic effects of Amitriptyline may not be noticeable for 1-3 weeks, so expecting them in 24 to 48 hours (choice A) is unrealistic. Discontinuing the medication abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done gradually under healthcare provider supervision, so choice B is incorrect. Amitriptyline can actually cause constipation, so decreasing dietary fiber intake would not be recommended to control diarrhea, making choice D incorrect.