Nokea
What patient teaching will you do for the patient described in Question 29?
- A. Teach the patient to use a straightened coat hanger padded with gauze to scratch under the cast.
- B. Instruct the patient to use a blow dryer to blow cool air under the cast to relieve itching.
- C. Explain how epidermal cells shed, then build up under the cast, causing itching.
- D. Suggest that the patient blow hot air under the cast with a blow dryer to relieve itching.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a blow dryer on cool air safely relieves itching under a cast. Scratching with objects risks skin damage, hot air could cause burns, and explaining cell buildup is not actionable teaching.
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When you care for a patient prior to surgery, one of your primary concerns is
- A. Researching the exact surgery that will take place.
- B. Ensuring that all preoperative orders are carried out correctly.
- C. Showing the family where to wait during the surgery.
- D. Explaining the surgical techniques that will be used with the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ensuring preoperative orders are followed is critical to prepare the patient safely for surgery. Researching surgery details, showing family waiting areas, or explaining techniques are not primary nursing responsibilities.
A patient states he has fallen twice since using crutches for a foot injury. Which of the following questions might you want to ask him?
- A. Have you had any physical therapy for balancing exercises?
- B. Are you sure your crutch tips are not too slick?
- C. Would you show me how you hold your foot when you walk with the crutches?
- D. Haven't you ever used crutches before?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Asking about balance therapy, crutch tip condition, and walking technique helps identify fall causes. Option D is judgmental and unhelpful.
A patient has skeletal traction applied to his left lower leg. Why is pin site care critical for this patient?
- A. To prevent infection at the pin insertion sites.
- B. To promote faster bone healing.
- C. To reduce pain during traction.
- D. To maintain traction alignment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pin site care is critical to prevent infection, as pins penetrate skin and bone, creating an infection risk. Other options are not directly related to pin site care.
A common condition that requires a joint replacement is
- A. A hairline fracture.
- B. Osteoarthritis.
- C. A comminuted fracture.
- D. An amputation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, commonly requires joint replacement due to cartilage loss and pain. Hairline and comminuted fractures are treated with immobilization or fixation, and amputation is a procedure, not a condition.
What is the difference in recovery of a patient who has had a direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty and one who has had a lateral approach hip arthroplasty?
- A. Anterior approach has faster recovery due to less muscle disruption.
- B. Lateral approach has faster recovery due to better visualization.
- C. Both approaches have identical recovery times.
- D. Anterior approach requires longer immobilization.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The direct anterior approach involves less muscle disruption, leading to faster recovery and fewer movement restrictions compared to the lateral approach, which involves more muscle cutting.