Nokea
What process of division do sex cells undergo?
- A. Mitosis.
- B. Binary fission.
- C. Facilitated division.
- D. Melosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Meiosis. Sex cells undergo meiosis, which is a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes (sperm and egg cells). This process involves two rounds of division (meiosis I and II) resulting in four haploid daughter cells.
A: Mitosis is a form of cell division where a cell divides to produce two identical diploid daughter cells, not sex cells.
B: Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes, not a process of division for sex cells.
C: Facilitated division is not a recognized term in biology and is not related to the division of sex cells.
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Which of the following cell types lacks a nucleus?
- A. platelet
- B. red blood cell
- C. white blood cell
- D. phagocyte
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is red blood cell (choice B). Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, lack a nucleus at maturity in humans. The absence of a nucleus allows these cells to carry oxygen more efficiently by maximizing space for hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein. Platelets (choice A), white blood cells (choice C), and phagocytes (choice D) all have nuclei. Platelets are involved in blood clotting, white blood cells are part of the immune system, and phagocytes specialize in engulfing and digesting cellular debris and pathogens.
Where is DNA stored?
- A. The nucleus
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DNA, the genetic material of a cell, is stored within the nucleus. The nucleus serves as the control center of the cell and houses the DNA, which contains the instructions for building and maintaining the cell's structures and functions. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in protein and lipid synthesis, while mitochondria are responsible for energy production through cellular respiration. Therefore, the correct answer is the nucleus where DNA is securely contained and regulated.
Using the information provided in question #44, what would be the phenotype if the offspring is Bb?
- A. Black
- B. Black and tan
- C. Tan
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In genetics, when discussing the phenotype of an offspring with a genotype of Bb, the dominant trait 'Black' would be expressed. In this case, the dominant allele 'B' leads to the expression of the black color, overriding the recessive allele 'b,' which would signify tan. Therefore, the correct answer is A, 'Black.' The dominant allele 'B' in the genotype Bb expresses the black color, as it is dominant over the recessive allele 'b.' Hence, the phenotype of the offspring with the genotype Bb would be 'Black.'
If the zygomatic arch is broken, where is the fracture located?
- A. Knee.
- B. Wrist.
- C. Cheek.
- D. Shoulder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Which of the following is a benefit of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water? (Select one that doesn't apply.)
- A. Water has a relatively high specific heat value.
- B. Water has strong cohesive and adhesive properties.
- C. Polarity of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent.
- D. Water moves from higher to lower concentrations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intermolecular hydrogen bonding in water leads to various unique properties. Options A, B, and C are benefits of this bonding. Water's high specific heat value allows it to resist temperature changes, which is advantageous for temperature regulation in organisms. The strong cohesive and adhesive properties of water contribute to capillary action and surface tension, essential in biological systems. Additionally, water's polarity enables it to dissolve a wide range of substances, making it a versatile solvent. Option D, 'Water moves from higher to lower concentrations,' is not a direct benefit of intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water. Instead, it describes the process of osmosis, which is driven by differences in solute concentrations rather than hydrogen bonding.