Nokea
What should be the initial bolus of crystalloid fluid replacement for a pediatric patient in shock?
- A. 20 ml/kg
- B. 10 ml/kg
- C. 30 ml/kg
- D. 15 ml/kg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial bolus of crystalloid fluid replacement for a pediatric patient in shock is generally recommended to be 20 ml/kg. This is based on the principles of fluid resuscitation in pediatric patients to restore perfusion and improve hemodynamic stability. Administering the appropriate initial fluid bolus is crucial in treating pediatric patients in shock to avoid complications like cardiovascular collapse and multi-organ dysfunction. It is important to adjust the volume and rate of fluid administration based on the individual patient's response and ongoing assessment to prevent fluid overload.
You may also like to solve these questions
Nearly all cervical carcinomas contain human papillomavirus (HPV). Which of the following types is never associated with such malignancy?
- A. type6
- B. type 16
- C. type 18
- D. type 31
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HPV type 6 is typically associated with low-grade lesions and genital warts, not cervical carcinoma.
The client is taking phenyton (Dilantin) for seizure control. A sample is drawn to determine the serum drug level, and the nurse reviews the results. Which of the following would indicate a therapeutic serum drug range?
- A. 5 to 10 mcg/ml.
- B. 20 to 30 mcg/ml.
- C. 10 to 20 mcg/ml.
- D. 30 to 40 mcg/ml.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The therapeutic serum drug range for phenytoin (Dilantin) is typically considered to be 10 to 20 mcg/ml. However, some sources may cite a broader range of 5 to 20 mcg/ml. Therefore, a serum drug level range of 5 to 10 mcg/ml would fall within the acceptable therapeutic range for phenytoin. Serum levels outside of this range may indicate potential toxicity (above range) or subtherapeutic levels (below range) which could result in inadequate seizure control.
Scoliosis That Greater 40 Degree Curvature Is Usually Treated By :
- A. Exercise
- B. Spinal fusion surgery
- C. Bracing
- D. Casting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When scoliosis progresses to a greater than 40-degree curvature, it is often treated with spinal fusion surgery. This surgical procedure involves fusing together the vertebrae in the curved part of the spine to correct the curvature. Spinal fusion surgery is typically recommended for severe cases of scoliosis to halt the progression of the curve and prevent further complications such as lung and heart problems. Other treatment options like exercise, bracing, and casting may be more suitable for milder cases or as a preventative measure in certain situations.
Once admitted to hospital the physician indicates that Mr. Gubatan is a paraplegic. The family asks the nurse what that means. The nurse explains that:
- A. Upper extremities are paralyzed
- B. Both lower and upper extremities are
- C. Lower extremities are paralyzed paralyzed
- D. One side of the body is paralyzed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Paraplegia is a condition characterized by the paralysis of both lower extremities. It does not affect the upper extremities or one side of the body specifically. When someone is described as a paraplegic, it means they have lost function and sensation in their lower limbs, usually due to a spinal cord injury or disease affecting the lower part of the spinal cord. This term helps provide a specific understanding of the type and location of the paralysis in the body.
for pain management. When applying a new system, the nurse should:
- A. Press the system in place for 30 to 60 seconds.
- B. Choose a site on the lower torso.
- C. Shave the application site before use.
- D. Apply the system immediately after removal from a package.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When applying a new system for pain management, it is recommended to choose a site on the lower torso. This area is often a suitable location for applying transdermal pain medication patches because it tends to have fewer hair follicles, making it easier for the patch to adhere properly and be absorbed effectively. The lower torso also typically provides a discreet location for patch placement, helping to maintain patient privacy and comfort.