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What should be the INITIAL S'TEP in the process of change for the senior nurse
- A. set goals and priorities regarding the change process.
- B. Plan strategies to implement the change.
- C. Identify potential solutions and strategies for the change.
- D. Identify the inefficiency that needs improvement or correction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The initial step in the process of change for the senior nurse should be to identify the inefficiency that needs improvement or correction. Before setting goals, planning strategies, or identifying solutions, it is essential to first pinpoint the specific area or aspect that requires change. By identifying the inefficiency, the senior nurse can gain a clear understanding of the root cause of the issue and focus efforts on addressing it effectively. This step lays the foundation for the rest of the change process by providing a specific target for improvement.
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Which of the following is the INITIAL eaching given to the patient with ALS and her family?
- A. Referral to support group
- B. Prevention of complications
- C. Explaining the disease process, expected course and prognosis
- D. Prevention of depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The initial teaching given to a patient with ALS and her family should focus on explaining the disease process, the expected course, and prognosis. Providing this information early on can help the patient and her family understand what to expect, make informed decisions about care and treatment, and prepare emotionally for the challenges ahead. It is important to establish open communication and provide support from the beginning to help the patient and her family cope with the diagnosis and navigate the journey with ALS. While referral to support groups, prevention of complications, and prevention of depression are all important aspects of care for ALS patients, understanding the disease process and prognosis is fundamental to setting realistic expectations and planning for the future.
To have a simplified and more understandable implementation of the plan, the nurse presents it with use of _____.
- A. printed content in cartolina
- B. a co-worker
- C. a lecturer
- D. colored pictures
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Using colored pictures can help make the presentation of the plan more visually engaging and easier to understand for the audience, in this case, the nurse's intended audience. Visual aids, such as colored pictures, can effectively convey complex information in a simplified and easy-to-digest manner. This approach can enhance comprehension and retention of the presented material, making the implementation of the plan more accessible and clear to the individuals involved.
A woman in active labor has a prolonged second stage with inadequate expulsive efforts. What nursing intervention is appropriate to facilitate fetal descent?
- A. Encourage the mother to push forcefully during contractions.
- B. Apply fundal pressure to assist with fetal descent.
- C. Prepare for immediate cesarean section.
- D. Administer intravenous magnesium sulfate for uterine relaxation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the scenario of a woman in active labor experiencing a prolonged second stage with inadequate expulsive efforts, the appropriate nursing intervention to facilitate fetal descent would be to apply fundal pressure. Fundal pressure, or applying pressure on the upper abdomen just above the uterine fundus, can help in directing the fetal head downwards and aiding in the descent through the birth canal. It is important to note that fundal pressure should be applied carefully and with proper technique to prevent excessive force that could potentially harm the mother or the baby. Encouraging the mother to push forcefully during contractions can be helpful, but the addition of fundal pressure can provide extra assistance in cases of inadequate progress. Immediate cesarean section may be considered if other interventions are unsuccessful or if there are concerns for fetal distress. Administering intravenous magnesium sulfate for uterine relaxation is not indicated in this situation.
Population structure is a diagram of population typically presented in a pyramid-like style format based on ___________.
- A. Sex and educational attainment
- B. Age and civil status
- C. Age and fertility
- D. Age and sex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Population structure is a diagram that presents the distribution of a population based on age and sex. It is typically displayed in a pyramid-like style format, with the horizontal axis showing the age groups and the vertical axis showing the percentage or number of individuals in each age group, divided by sex. This helps to visualize how the population is distributed in terms of age and sex, providing important insights into demographic trends, such as age dependency ratio and potential future trends in population growth or decline. Age and sex are the key demographic variables used to construct a population structure diagram.
A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent fetal malpresentation, with the fetus in a transverse lie position. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to address this abnormal labor presentation?
- A. Administering intravenous magnesium sulfate for uterine relaxation
- B. Preparing for immediate external cephalic version (ECV)
- C. Facilitating immediate cesarean section
- D. Applying external fetal monitoring to assess fetal well-being
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In cases of persistent fetal malpresentation, such as a transverse lie position, a cesarean section is often the safest and most effective intervention to address the abnormal labor presentation. Delivering a baby in a transverse lie position vaginally is associated with high risks, including fetal complications such as umbilical cord prolapse and head entrapment. Therefore, to ensure the safety of both the mother and the baby, a cesarean section is usually the most appropriate and timely intervention to address this situation. It is crucial to prioritize the immediate preparation and facilitation of a cesarean section in cases of persistent fetal malpresentation to prevent potential complications and ensure the best outcome for the mother and the baby.