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What should the nurse do when a patient with anorexia nervosa expresses a fear of gaining weight?
- A. Minimize the patient's fears to avoid anxiety.
- B. Provide information about the importance of weight gain for health.
- C. Encourage weight loss to help the patient feel more in control.
- D. Agree with the patient's concerns and avoid discussing the topic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing information about the importance of weight gain for health helps educate the patient on the risks of anorexia nervosa. By doing so, the nurse can address the patient's fears in a supportive and informative manner, promoting a better understanding of the need for weight gain.
Choice A is incorrect because minimizing the patient's fears may invalidate their feelings and hinder therapeutic communication. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging weight loss can exacerbate the patient's condition and reinforce unhealthy behaviors. Choice D is incorrect because agreeing with the patient's concerns perpetuates the harmful beliefs associated with anorexia nervosa.
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Which of the following medical conditions can produce a mild neurocognitive disorder and mild impairments in social/occupational functioning?
- A. Parkinson's disease
- B. Huntington's disease
- C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- D. HIV
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HIV can cause mild neurocognitive disorder via brain inflammation, affecting daily functioning.
A rape victim asks a nurse, "How do I know whether this attack was my fault?"Â Which response by the nurse is therapeutic?
- A. Support the victim to separate issues of vulnerability from blame.
- B. Make decisions for the victim because of the temporary confusion.
- C. Reassure the victim that the outcome of the situation will be positive.
- D. Pose questions about the rape and help the patient explore why it happened.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates empathy and understanding towards the victim by helping them differentiate between vulnerability and blame. By supporting the victim in separating these issues, the nurse can empower them to recognize that the assault was not their fault, thus promoting healing and recovery.
Choice B is incorrect because making decisions for the victim undermines their autonomy and does not address the victim's emotional needs.
Choice C is incorrect as it offers false reassurance and does not address the victim's feelings of guilt or self-blame.
Choice D is incorrect as it may come off as interrogative and could potentially retraumatize the victim by making them feel responsible for the assault.
An 18-year-old referred to the mental health center often cooks gourmet meals but eats only tiny portions. The patient wears layers of loose clothing saying, "I like the style."Â The patient's weight dropped from 130 to 95 pounds. She has amenorrhea. Which diagnosis is most likely?
- A. Eating disorder not otherwise specified
- B. Anorexia nervosa
- C. Bulimia nervosa
- D. Binge eating
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anorexia nervosa. This diagnosis fits the patient's symptoms of restrictive eating, significant weight loss, amenorrhea, and denial of the severity of the situation. The patient's behavior of cooking gourmet meals but eating tiny portions and wearing layers of clothes to hide weight loss are classic signs of anorexia nervosa. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Eating disorder not otherwise specified does not fully capture the severity and specific symptoms exhibited by the patient.
C: Bulimia nervosa involves binge-eating followed by compensatory behaviors, which are not described in the scenario.
D: Binge eating disorder involves recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors, which is not indicated.
An elderly patient must be physically restrained. Who is responsible for the patients safety?
- A. The nurse assigned to care for the patient
- B. Unlicensed assistive personnel who apply the restraint
- C. Family member who agrees to application of the restraint
- D. Health care provider who prescribed application of restraint
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although restraint is prescribed by a health care provider, the restraint is a measure carried out by nursing staff. The nurse caring for the patient is responsible for safe application of restraining devices and for providing safe care while the patient is restrained. Nurses may delegate the application of restraining devices and the care of the patient in restraint, but the nurse remains responsible for outcomes. Even when family agree to restraint, nurses are responsible for providing safe outcomes.
You are a nurse meeting for the first time with a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient who is newly referred to your home health agency. Which assessment data about the patient and caregiver(s) would be most important to acquire during your first visit to the family's home?
- A. Is the house design such that patient access to exits and stairways can be restricted?
- B. Does the family understand that the disease is likely to prove fatal within 3 to 5 years?
- C. What resources is the patient's family able to access in their particular community?
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Ensuring patient safety is a top priority, especially for a stage 3 Alzheimer's patient.
2. Restricting access to exits and stairways can prevent wandering and potential accidents.
3. This assessment is crucial for creating a safe environment for the patient.
4. Understanding the house design is essential for implementing appropriate safety measures.
Summary of other choices:
B. Understanding the prognosis is important but not as immediately critical as ensuring patient safety.
C. Knowing community resources is valuable but not as urgent as addressing safety concerns.
D. This choice is incorrect as assessing the house design for safety is crucial in this scenario.