Nokea
What should the nurse monitor in caring for the patient undergoing a paracentesis?
- A. The urinary output
- B. Hypervolemia
- C. Fluid removal over at least 30 minutes
- D. Seizure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fluid removed during a paracentesis is removed over a period of 30 to 90 minutes to prevent sudden changes in blood pressure leading to syncope. The bed should be in a high Fowler's position. Food and fluid restriction is usually not necessary.
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Which is a classic location and radiation of the pain associated with cholecystitis?
- A. Substernal, radiating to the left shoulder and arm
- B. Epigastric, radiating to the back
- C. Right upper abdomen, radiating to the back or right scapula
- D. Left upper abdomen, radiating to the jaw and neck
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It localizes in the right upper quadrant epigastric region. The pain radiates around the mid torso to the right scapular area.
Which should the nurse expect of a patient with a malabsorption of vitamin K?
- A. Anemia
- B. Excess platelet production
- C. Increased coagulation time
- D. Elevated for infection due to diminished white blood cell count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prothrombin times are increased because malabsorption of vitamin K or inability to produce the clotting factors VII, IX, and X cause the patient to have bleeding tendencies.
The nurse assisting in the treatment of a patient with ruptured esophageal varices who has received vasopressin IV will carefully assess for which complication?
- A. muscular twitching/spasm.
- B. hematuria.
- C. macular rash on trunk and arms.
- D. evidence of cardiac ischemia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vasopressin is a strong vasoconstrictor given to try to stop the hemorrhage of the varices. Unfortunately it also constricts all vessels and may cause cardiac ischemia.
Which factors may increase a patient's risk of developing cancer of the pancreas?
- A. Diet high in carbohydrates and dairy products
- B. Cardiovascular disease and glaucoma
- C. Tea and cola consumption
- D. Cigarette smoking and having diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cause of cancer of the pancreas is unknown, but it is diagnosed more often in cigarette smokers, people exposed to chemical carcinogens, and people with diabetes mellitus and pancreatitis.
Which should the nurse avoid contamination from to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A?
- A. Food or water
- B. Blood transfusion
- C. Needles
- D. Sexual contact
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatitis A virus is transmitted when a person puts something in his or her mouth that is contaminated with fecal material (called fecal-oral transmission). Teach patients the importance of good hand washing after the bathroom or changing a diaper, as well as proper food preparation, to prevent the spread of hepatitis A.