Nokea
What sign should the nurse instruct the woman to look for in the new baby?
- A. Increased urination
- B. Projectile vomiting
- C. Caf-au-lait spots
- D. Xanthoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Physical assessment may provide clues that a particular genetic condition is present. For neurofibromatosis type 1, skin findings like caf-au-lait spots are a key indicator. Increased urination might suggest diabetes, projectile vomiting could indicate pyloric stenosis, and xanthomas are associated with hyperlipidemia, not neurofibromatosis.
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In this role, the nurse will aim to help individuals and families understand which of the following?
- A. How genetic and psychological factors influence coping
- B. How genomic and physical factors influence longevity
- C. How genetic and environmental factors influence health and disease
- D. How physical factors influence genetics and wellness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurses help individuals and families learn how genetic traits and conditions are passed on within families as well as how genetic and environmental factors influence health and disease. This is the primary focus of genetics nursing, not coping, longevity, or physical factors influencing genetics.
What factor describes the etiology of this genetic change?
- A. The mother also has genetic mutation of chromosome 21.
- B. The patient has a nondisjunction occurring during meiosis.
- C. During meiosis, a reduction of chromosomes resulted in 23.
- D. The patient will have a single X chromosome and infertility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During meiosis, a pair of chromosomes may fail to separate completely, creating a sperm or oocyte that contains either two copies or no copy of a particular chromosome. This sporadic event, called nondisjunction, can lead to trisomy. Down syndrome is an example of trisomy. The mother does not have a mutation of chromosome 21, which is indicated in the question. Also, trisomy does not produce a single X chromosome and infertility.
For what health problem would a patient of African American heritage most likely have genetic carrier testing?
- A. Meckels diverticulum
- B. Sickle cell anemia
- C. Huntington disease
- D. Rubella
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing ancestry and ethnicity is important to help identify individuals who could benefit from genetic testing for carrier identification, such as African Americans routinely offered testing for sickle cell anemia. The other conditions are not specifically associated with African American heritage.
What is the chance that this couple will have a child with six toes?
- A. 25%
- B. 50%
- C. 75%
- D. 100%
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When two carrier parents have children together, they have a 25% chance of having a child who inherits the gene mutation from each parent and who will have the condition, as in autosomal recessive inheritance. The other percentages are incorrect for this inheritance pattern.
What is this foundational genetic test?
- A. The developmental assessment
- B. The family history
- C. The physical assessment
- D. The psychosocial assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The family history is considered the first genetic test. It is expected that all nurses will know how to use this genetic tool to assess potential genetic risks and patterns of inheritance.