Nokea
What term is used to describe the fibrous connective tissue that hugs the brain closely and extends into every fold of the brains surface?
- A. Dura mater
- B. Arachnoid
- C. Fascia
- D. Pia mater
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pia mater is the innermost meningeal layer, closely adhering to the brain's surface and following its contours. Dura mater is the outermost layer, arachnoid is the middle layer, and fascia is not a meningeal structure.
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A patient exhibiting an uncoordinated gait has presented at the clinic. Which of the following is the most plausible cause of this patients health problem?
- A. Cerebellar dysfunction
- B. A lesion in the pons
- C. Dysfunction of the medulla
- D. A hemorrhage in the midbrain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The cerebellum coordinates movement and balance, so dysfunction causes uncoordinated gait. Pons, medulla, and midbrain lesions affect other functions like respiration or eye movement.
A patient is scheduled for a myelogram and the nurse explains to the patient that this is an invasive procedure, which assesses for any lesions in the spinal cord. The nurse should explain that the preparation is similar to which of the following neurologic tests?
- A. Lumbar puncture
- B. MRI
- C. Cerebral angiography
- D. EEG
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myelography involves contrast injection via lumbar puncture, so preparation is similar. MRI, angiography, and EEG have different preparation requirements.
During the performance of the Romberg test, the nurse observes that the patient sways slightly. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Facilitate a referral to a neurologist.
- B. Reposition the patient supine to ensure safety.
- C. Document successful completion of the assessment.
- D. Follow up by having the patient perform the Rinne test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Slight swaying during the Romberg test is normal and indicates successful completion. Significant swaying prompts further evaluation, but the Rinne test assesses hearing, not balance.
The patient in the ED has just had a diagnostic lumbar puncture. To reduce the incidence of a postlumbar puncture headache, what is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Position the patient prone.
- B. Position the patient supine with the head of bed flat.
- C. Position the patient left side-lying.
- D. Administer acetaminophen as ordered.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning after lumbar puncture minimizes cerebrospinal fluid leakage, reducing headache risk. Supine or side-lying positions are less effective, and acetaminophen is not a preventive measure.
When caring for a patient with an altered level of consciousness, the nurse is preparing to test cranial nerve VII. What assessment technique would the nurse use to elicit a response from cranial nerve VII?
- A. Palpate trapezius muscle while patient shrugs should against resistance.
- B. Administer the whisper or watch-tick test.
- C. Observe for facial movement symmetry, such as a smile.
- D. Note any hoarseness in the patients voice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cranial nerve VII (facial) is assessed by observing facial symmetry during movements like smiling. Trapezius testing assesses XI, whisper tests VIII, and hoarseness tests X.