Nokea
What type of bond bonds one molecule of water with another molecule of water?
- A. Ionic
- B. Covalent
- C. Hydrogen
- D. Molecular
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Two molecules of water are bonded through hydrogen bonding. This type of bond forms between the slightly positive hydrogen atom in one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen atom in another water molecule. Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds but are essential in various biological processes and properties of water, contributing to its unique characteristics like high surface tension, cohesion, and adhesion.
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What structure in a plant cell is surrounded by a double membrane and contains most of the genetic information used to control the cell?
- A. Mitochondrion
- B. Nucleus.
- C. Chromatin.
- D. Chromosome.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nucleus. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane and contains most of the genetic information in the form of DNA, which controls the cell's activities. Mitochondria (A) are involved in energy production, chromatin (C) is a complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus, and chromosomes (D) are condensed structures of DNA found in the nucleus during cell division. Therefore, the nucleus is the structure that fits the description provided in the question.
During protein synthesis, what process uses an RNA strand to produce a complementary strand of DNA?
- A. Transcription
- B. Translation
- C. Transfer synthesis
- D. Codon synthesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is transcription. Transcription is the process in which an RNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template. During transcription, an RNA polymerase enzyme reads the DNA template and produces a complementary RNA strand, not DNA. This RNA strand is used as a template in translation to synthesize proteins, where the mRNA is read to produce a protein.
Using the information provided in question #44, what would be the phenotype if the offspring is Bb?
- A. Black
- B. Black and tan
- C. Tan
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In genetics, when discussing the phenotype of an offspring with a genotype of Bb, the dominant trait 'Black' would be expressed. In this case, the dominant allele 'B' leads to the expression of the black color, overriding the recessive allele 'b,' which would signify tan. Therefore, the correct answer is A, 'Black.' The dominant allele 'B' in the genotype Bb expresses the black color, as it is dominant over the recessive allele 'b.' Hence, the phenotype of the offspring with the genotype Bb would be 'Black.'
Which of the following statements about enzymes is not true?
- A. They catalyze reactions
- B. They raise the activation energy needed
- C. They have an active site
- D. They are typically proteins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes function to catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Therefore, the statement that enzymes raise the activation energy needed is incorrect. Enzymes have an active site where substrates bind and undergo catalysis. Enzymes are typically proteins that act as biological catalysts.
By what process do sex cells reproduce?
- A. Cytokinesis.
- B. Meiosis.
- C. Mitosis.
- D. Fission.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: