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How is the aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing best categorized in biology?
- A. Organisms and their environment
- B. Ontogeny
- C. Structure and function
- D. Heredity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing exemplifies the relationship between its structure and its function, showcasing how its form is intricately adapted for its function of flight. This concept of the interdependence of structure and function is a fundamental theme in biology. It emphasizes how the structures of living organisms are precisely designed to carry out specific functions, thereby influencing their survival and success in their respective environments.
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By what process do sex cells reproduce?
- A. Cytokinesis.
- B. Meiosis.
- C. Mitosis.
- D. Fission.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Skin cells undergo what type of cellular division?
- A. Melosis.
- B. Binary fission.
- C. Sexual reproduction.
- D. Mitosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mitosis. Skin cells undergo mitosis, a type of cellular division where a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the genetic material is equally distributed between the daughter cells to ensure genetic stability. Melosis (A) is incorrect as it refers to the type of cell division that occurs during sexual reproduction to produce gametes. Binary fission (B) is incorrect as it is a form of asexual reproduction seen in prokaryotes. Sexual reproduction (C) is incorrect as it involves the fusion of gametes from two different parents to produce genetically diverse offspring, not the division of existing cells like in skin cells. In summary, mitosis is the correct choice for skin cell division as it maintains genetic continuity and ensures tissue growth and repair.
Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Lysosome
- D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids that it receives from the endoplasmic reticulum. After processing these materials, the Golgi apparatus transports them to other parts of the cell or outside the cell. It acts as a distribution center within the cell, ensuring that different molecules reach their correct destinations for various cellular functions.
Which cellular appendage enables cells to move through their environments?
- A. Flagellum
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Transport protein
- D. Receptor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: "Flagellum" is a whip-like appendage that allows certain cells to move through their environment.
Which of the following molecules are considered the most important in biology?
- A. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids
- B. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and calcium
- C. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and sulfur
- D. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and iron
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main types of molecules that are fundamental to biological systems. Carbohydrates provide energy, lipids are essential for cell structure and signaling, proteins carry out diverse functions in cells, and nucleic acids store and transfer genetic information. These molecules are considered the most important in biology due to their critical roles in various biological processes.