Nokea
What would be the best choice for the nurse researcher who wishes to identify the long-term benefits and risks of a treatment for hyperlipidemia?
- A. A cross-sectional study
- B. An ecological study
- C. A clinical trial
- D. A retrospective analysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A clinical trial. Clinical trials are designed to assess the long-term benefits and risks of a treatment by monitoring participants over an extended period. They involve randomization, control groups, and follow-up assessments, making them ideal for determining treatment effectiveness.
A: A cross-sectional study only provides a snapshot of data at a single point in time and does not track long-term outcomes.
B: An ecological study examines population-level data and may not provide individual-level insights on long-term benefits and risks of a treatment.
D: A retrospective analysis looks at past data and may not adequately capture the long-term effects of a treatment compared to a prospective study like a clinical trial.
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What is the ultimate goal of program planning?
- A. Avoiding unanticipated conflicts in the program development phase
- B. Ensuring adequate funding to meet the program's resource requirements
- C. Ensuring that health care services are satisfactory, comparable, effective, and beneficial
- D. Preventing unnecessary duplication of services
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ultimate goal of program planning is to ensure that health care services are satisfactory, comparable, effective, and beneficial. This is because the primary focus of program planning in healthcare is to improve patient outcomes and overall health system performance. By ensuring that services are of high quality and meet the needs of the population, the goal of enhancing health outcomes is achieved.
Avoiding unanticipated conflicts in the program development phase (Choice A) is important but not the ultimate goal. Ensuring adequate funding (Choice B) is crucial for program sustainability but not the primary objective. Preventing unnecessary duplication of services (Choice D) is a key consideration but not the ultimate goal, which is to deliver effective and beneficial healthcare services.
A community health nurse (CHN) states, "The best way to treat clients from other countries is to care for them the same way we would want to be cared for ourselves. After all, we are all human beings with the same expectations and needs." What response does this statement exemplify?
- A. Cultural awareness
- B. Cultural blindness
- C. Cultural knowledge
- D. Cultural preservation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cultural blindness. This statement exemplifies cultural blindness because it ignores the importance of cultural differences and assumes that everyone has the same expectations and needs. Cultural awareness (A) involves recognizing and respecting cultural differences. Cultural knowledge (C) involves understanding different cultures. Cultural preservation (D) involves protecting and maintaining cultural traditions. In this case, the statement demonstrates a lack of awareness and sensitivity to cultural diversity, making it an example of cultural blindness.
A community health nurse (CHN) suspects that an elementary school student is being physically abused. Which action would be the most appropriate one for the CHN to take?
- A. Ask the student about the abuse.
- B. Document findings in the student's school record.
- C. Discuss the suspicions of abuse with the student's teachers or the family's spiritual leader.
- D. Notify legal authorities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Notify legal authorities. This is the most appropriate action for the CHN to take because suspected cases of child abuse must be reported to legal authorities to ensure the safety and well-being of the child. Reporting to legal authorities initiates an official investigation by trained professionals who can assess the situation and take appropriate action to protect the child.
A: Asking the student about the abuse may put the child at risk of further harm if the abuser is present or if the child is not ready to disclose the abuse.
B: Documenting findings in the student's school record is not sufficient to address the immediate safety concerns of the child.
C: Discussing suspicions with teachers or spiritual leaders may not lead to the necessary intervention and protection of the child.
In summary, notifying legal authorities is the most effective and necessary step to ensure the safety of the child in cases of suspected abuse.
A community health nurse (CHN) is part of a palliative consultation team that provides care for people living on the streets, in parks, or in shelters or who are unwilling or unable to come to the clinic, hospital, or hospice to receive end of life care. How can this type of nursing service be best classified?
- A. Community-oriented nursing
- B. Home health nursing
- C. Outpost nursing
- D. Private duty nursing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Outpost nursing involves providing care to underserved populations in remote or hard-to-reach areas, like people living on the streets or in shelters.
Step 2: This type of nursing focuses on meeting the healthcare needs of individuals where they are, rather than in traditional healthcare settings.
Step 3: Outpost nursing aligns with the scenario of providing end-of-life care to those unable to access traditional healthcare facilities.
Step 4: Community-oriented nursing focuses on improving overall health of a community, not specific end-of-life care.
Step 5: Home health nursing involves providing care in a patient's home, not necessarily for individuals living on the streets or in shelters.
Step 6: Private duty nursing involves providing one-on-one care to an individual in a private setting, which does not apply to the scenario provided.
Summary: Outpost nursing is the best classification as it aligns with providing care to underserved populations in non-traditional settings, while the other choices
What was the main reason for the brief existence of the nurse practitioner–model educational program?
- A. Inadequate assessment and planning in the local area
- B. Insufficient provincial/territorial funding
- C. The large number of primary care physicians practising in urban areas
- D. The need for nursing expertise and skills in other practice settings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the main reason for the brief existence of the nurse practitioner–model educational program was the need for nursing expertise and skills in other practice settings. This is supported by the fact that nurse practitioners were developed to address the gap in healthcare services by providing advanced nursing care in various settings. They were trained to deliver high-quality care, fill the need for primary care providers, and improve access to healthcare services.
A: Inadequate assessment and planning in the local area is not the main reason for the brief existence of the program.
B: Insufficient provincial/territorial funding may have been a contributing factor, but it was not the main reason.
C: The large number of primary care physicians practising in urban areas is not directly related to the existence of the nurse practitioner-model educational program.