Pediatric Research Questions

Pediatric Research Questions Related

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When a client is receiving blood which of the ff nursing actions is essential to determine if chilling is the result of an emerging complication or of infusing cold blood?

  • A. Monitoring the client's temperature before, during, and after transfusion
  • B. Documenting the client's temp after the transfusion
  • C. Documenting the temp of the blood before the transfusion
  • D. Comparing the client's temp with the temp of the blood
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Monitoring the client's temperature before, during, and after transfusion is essential to determine if chilling is the result of an emerging complication or of infusing cold blood. By consistently monitoring the client's temperature at different points in the transfusion process, healthcare providers can identify any significant changes that may indicate a complication. This allows for timely intervention and appropriate management of any issues related to the blood transfusion. Comparing the client's temperature with the temperature of the blood is important but alone it may not provide a comprehensive assessment of the client's condition during the transfusion process. So, the best course of action is to monitor the client's temperature at various time points to ensure accurate assessment and early detection of any complications.

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During the routine exam of an infant the parents state a 5th degree family history of adenomatous polyposis. The statement that should be included during the discussion is the infant is at increased risk of colonic adenocarcinoma

  • A. the infant is at increased risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • B. the infant is at increased risk of intestinal Burkitt lymphoma
  • C. the infant is at increased risk of hepatoblastoma
  • D. the infant is at increased risk of germ cell tumor
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

A nurse is preparing to administer an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which drug should the nurse administer?

  • A. Captopril (Capoten)
  • B. Furosemide (Lasix)
  • C. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
  • D. Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as captopril, work by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. This leads to vasodilation, reduced aldosterone secretion, and ultimately decreases blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction. In this case, the nurse should administer captopril as it is an ACE inhibitor, while the other options (B. Furosemide, C. Spironolactone, D. Chlorothiazide) are not ACE inhibitors and have different mechanisms of action.

A 2-mo-old male infant has a left flank mass discovered incidentally by the mother; radiological imaging reveals a left renal mass. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is

  • A. nephroblastoma
  • B. neuroblastoma
  • C. mesoblastic nephroma
  • D. clear cell sarcoma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor) is the most common renal malignancy in infants.

Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the child's age?

  • A. Physical health of the child
  • B. Developmental level of the child
  • C. Educational level of the child
  • D. Number of responsible adults in the home
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The developmental level of the child most impacts the type of injury they are susceptible to based on their age. As children grow and develop, their physical abilities, cognitive skills, and understanding of the environment change. Younger children may be more susceptible to injuries related to exploration and lack of awareness of dangerous situations, while older children may be more prone to injuries during physical activities or sports. Understanding the developmental stage of a child is crucial in assessing potential risks and implementing appropriate safety measures to prevent injuries.

A spica cast was put on Baby Betty after an unfortunate incident to immobilize her hips and thighs; which of the following is the priority nursing action immediately after application?

  • A. Keep the cast dry and clean.
  • B. Cover the perineal area.
  • C. Elevate the cast.
  • D. Perform neurovascular checks.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Performing neurovascular checks is the priority nursing action immediately after applying a spica cast on Baby Betty. A spica cast is used to immobilize the hips and thighs, which can affect circulation and nerve function in the lower extremities. Neurovascular checks involve assessing the circulation, sensation, and movement of the affected limb to ensure there are no signs of impaired circulation or nerve damage. It is crucial to monitor for any signs of compartment syndrome, such as pain, numbness, tingling, or decreased pulse, which could indicate a vascular compromise. Timely identification of any neurovascular compromise is essential to prevent complications and ensure the baby's safety and well-being.

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