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When a nurse is performing a health interview on a patient with a language barrier and no interpreter is available, which of the following is the best example of an appropriate question for the nurse to ask?
- A. Do you take medicine?
- B. Do you sterilize the bottles?
- C. Do you have nausea and vomiting?
- D. You have been taking your medicine, haven't you?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best example of an appropriate question for the nurse to ask in this situation is 'Do you take medicine?' This question is clear, simple, and focused on one topic at a time, which is essential when there is a language barrier and no interpreter available. It follows the recommendation to use simple words, avoid medical jargon, contractions, and pronouns in such situations. Choices B, C, and D involve more complex language, unrelated topics, or assumptions about the patient's actions, making them less suitable for effective communication in this context.
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The healthcare professional is reviewing concepts of cultural aspects of pain. Which statement is true regarding pain?
- A. All individuals will behave the same way when in pain.
- B. Just as individuals vary in their perceptions of pain, they will also vary in their expressions of pain.
- C. Cultural norms play a significant role in determining pain tolerance, as it is always biologically determined.
- D. A patient's expression of pain is largely dependent on the amount of tissue injury associated with the pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients vary in their perceptions of pain, which can be influenced by cultural factors, personal experiences, and psychological aspects. As a result, individuals will also vary in how they express their pain. Cultural norms, social environment, and individual differences all play a role in how pain is experienced and communicated. Therefore, it is important for healthcare professionals to recognize and respect these variations in order to provide appropriate pain management and support for patients. Choice A is incorrect because individuals do not behave the same way when in pain. Choice C is incorrect because pain tolerance is not solely biologically determined; cultural norms and individual differences also influence it. Choice D is incorrect because a patient's expression of pain can be influenced by various factors beyond the amount of tissue injury, such as emotional state and cultural beliefs.
During an assessment, the nurse notices that a patient is handling a small charm that is tied to a leather strip around his neck. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
- A. Ask the patient about the item and its significance.
- B. Ask the patient to lock the item with other valuables in the hospital's safe.
- C. Tell the patient that a family member should take valuables home.
- D. No action is necessary.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appropriate action for the nurse in this situation is to ask the patient about the charm and its significance. This helps the nurse understand the patient's cultural beliefs, personal values, and any potential significance the charm holds for the patient. It also shows respect for the patient's personal belongings. Asking about the charm can help establish rapport and cultural competence in the nurse-patient relationship. Choices B and C do not address the patient's attachment to the charm or provide an opportunity for cultural understanding. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the importance of acknowledging and respecting the patient's personal belongings.
During an interview, the interviewer is using open-ended questions. Which of the following statements are true regarding open-ended questions? Select all that apply.
- A. They elicit cold facts.
- B. They allow for self-expression.
- C. They build and enhance deviation from topic
- D. They leave interactions neutral.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Open-ended questions are designed to encourage the interviewee to express themselves freely, leading to more detailed and insightful responses. These questions help build rapport by showing interest in the interviewee's thoughts and feelings. By allowing for self-expression, open-ended questions facilitate a deeper and more meaningful conversation, making them a valuable tool in conducting interviews. Choice A is incorrect because open-ended questions aim to gather detailed and subjective information, not just cold facts. Choice D is incorrect as open-ended questions often lead to more engaging interactions rather than leaving them neutral.
When an American Indian seeks help at the clinic for regulating her diabetes, the nurse can expect that she:
- A. will comply with the treatment prescribed.
- B. has not necessarily given up her beliefs in naturalistic causes of disease.
- C. may also be seeking the assistance of a shaman or medicine man.
- D. may need extra help in dealing with her illness and may be experiencing a crisis of faith.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important to recognize that individuals from American Indian cultures may incorporate traditional healing practices, such as seeking the assistance of a shaman or medicine man, alongside biomedical treatments. This holistic approach to health and healing is a significant aspect of their cultural beliefs and practices. Choice A is incorrect because compliance with treatment may vary among individuals and cannot be generalized. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes that seeking traditional help means giving up beliefs in naturalistic causes of disease, which is not necessarily the case. Choice D is incorrect as it makes assumptions about the patient's emotional state and crisis of faith without evidence. Overall, understanding and respecting the integration of traditional healing practices is key to providing culturally sensitive care.
During an interview, the nurse states, 'You mentioned shortness of breath. Tell me more about that.' Which verbal skill is used with this statement?
- A. Reflection
- B. Facilitation
- C. Direct question
- D. Open-ended question
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse's statement, 'Tell me more about that,' is an example of an open-ended question. Open-ended questions encourage the interviewee to provide detailed information and expand on their responses. This type of question is useful for gathering narrative information and allows the interviewee to express themselves freely. Reflection involves restating or paraphrasing the client's words, facilitation encourages the client to say more, and direct questions typically elicit specific, close-ended responses, unlike open-ended questions.