Concept of Family Health Care

Concept of Family Health Care Related

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When a person first begins drinking alcohol, two drinks produce relaxation and drowsiness. After 1 year, four drinks are needed to achieve the same relaxed, drowsy state. Why does this change occur?

  • A. The alcohol is less potent.
  • B. Tolerance develops.
  • C. Antagonistic effects occur.
  • D. Hypomagnesemia develops.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tolerance develops. Tolerance occurs when the body adapts to repeated exposure to alcohol, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect. Initially, two drinks were sufficient, but over time, the body adjusts, leading to the need for four drinks to achieve the same level of relaxation and drowsiness. This change is not due to the alcohol being less potent (A), antagonistic effects (C), or hypomagnesemia (D). Tolerance is a well-documented phenomenon in the context of alcohol consumption, explaining the increased amount needed to achieve the desired effect.

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The first thing that you should do immediately after a client accident is to:

  • A. Notify the doctor.
  • B. Render care.
  • C. Assess the cleint.
  • D. Notify the nurse manager.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Assessing the client is the immediate priority after an accident.

A patient is admitted in a comatose state after ingesting 30 capsules of pentobarbital sodium. A friend of the patient says, 'Often my friend drinks, along with taking more of the drug than is ordered.' What is the effect of the use of alcohol with this drug?

  • A. The drug’s metabolism is stimulated.
  • B. The drug’s effect is diminished.
  • C. A synergistic effect occurs.
  • D. There is no effect.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A synergistic effect occurs. When alcohol is consumed with pentobarbital sodium, both substances depress the central nervous system. This results in an enhanced sedative effect, leading to respiratory depression, coma, and potentially death. The combined effect of the two substances is greater than the sum of their individual effects. Choices A and B are incorrect as alcohol does not stimulate the metabolism of pentobarbital sodium nor diminish its effect. Choice D is also incorrect as there is a significant effect when alcohol is combined with this drug.

The child's ability to understand relationships develops during

  • A. Sensorimotor
  • B. Preoperational
  • C. Concrete operational
  • D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Understanding relationships, like classification, develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).

A patient is curious about Reiki, a Japanese spiritual practice often used as a complementary therapy. Reiki falls under which category of complementary and alternative medicine?

  • A. Manipulative and body-based methods
  • B. Alternative medical systems
  • C. Energy therapies
  • D. Mind-body medicine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Reiki is classified as an energy therapy, focusing on energy flow.

An older adult client has been asked to participate in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) related to the development of a new psychotropic medication. The nurse responsibly acts as the client's advocate when:

  • A. Reassuring the client that the process of RCTs is a perfectly safe one.
  • B. Explaining to the client the possible risks involved in participating in this particular RCT.
  • C. Educating the client's family concerning the details of participating in such a medication-focused RCT.
  • D. Assessing the degree of understanding the client has about what a medication-focused RCT will involve.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because assessing the client's understanding is crucial to ensure informed consent and autonomy. By assessing the client's comprehension, the nurse can verify if the client is aware of the potential risks, benefits, and procedures involved in the RCT. This step is essential to uphold the client's rights and ensure they make an informed decision.

Choice A is incorrect because it does not address the importance of assessing the client's understanding and may provide false reassurance. Choice B is incorrect as it only focuses on explaining risks without assessing the client's comprehension. Choice C is incorrect as educating the family does not ensure the client's understanding and involvement in decision-making.

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