Nokea
When a physician removes a chest tube, which type of dressing is recommended to be placed over the site?
- A. transparent dressing
- B. colloidal dressing
- C. petrolatum gauze
- D. nonadherent dressing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Petrolatum gauze is recommended to be placed over the site when a physician removes a chest tube because it forms an airtight seal, helping prevent air from entering the pleural space. This airtight seal is crucial to avoid complications such as a pneumothorax. Transparent dressing is not ideal for this purpose as it may not provide a sufficient seal due to its design. Colloidal dressing and nonadherent dressing are also not suitable for chest tube removal sites as they do not offer the same level of protection against air leakage and may not provide the necessary sealing properties.
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The client is being taught about the use of Rifampin for prophylaxis following exposure to meningitis. What change in bodily functions should the client be informed about?
- A. The client's urine may turn blue.
- B. The client remains infectious to others for 48 hours.
- C. The client's contact lenses may be stained orange.
- D. The client's skin may take on a crimson glow.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rifampin has the unusual effect of turning body fluids an orange color. Soft contact lenses might become permanently stained. Clients should be taught about these side effects to avoid unnecessary concern. Option A is incorrect as Rifampin does not cause the urine to turn blue. Option B is incorrect as the client is not infectious to others due to taking Rifampin for prophylaxis. Option D is incorrect as Rifampin does not cause the skin to take on a crimson glow.
Which of the following medications should be held 24-48 hours prior to an electroencephalogram (EEG)?
- A. Lasix (furosemide)
- B. Cardizem (diltiazem)
- C. Lanoxin (digoxin)
- D. Dilantin (phenytoin)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anticonvulsants like Dilantin should be held 24-48 hours before an EEG to prevent interference with the test results. Medications such as tranquilizers, barbiturates, and other sedatives should also be avoided. Lasix, Cardizem, and Lanoxin do not belong to these categories and are not known to interfere with EEG results.
A client is having a seizure; his blood oxygen saturation drops from 92% to 82%. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Open the airway.
- B. Administer oxygen.
- C. Suction the client.
- D. Check for breathing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client is having a seizure and their blood oxygen saturation drops significantly, the priority action for the nurse is to open the airway. This allows for adequate oxygenation and ventilation. Administering oxygen can come after ensuring the airway is clear. Suctioning the client should be done if there is an airway obstruction, and checking for breathing is part of the assessment but opening the airway takes precedence to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation during a critical event like a seizure.
Which of the following ethnic groups is at highest risk in the United States for pesticide-related injuries?
- A. Native American
- B. Asian-Pacific
- C. Norwegian
- D. Hispanic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hispanic people are at the highest risk in the United States for pesticide-related injuries due to their significant representation among migrant workers in agricultural settings. Working in such environments exposes them to pesticides more frequently, thus elevating their risk compared to other ethnic groups. In contrast, Native American, Asian-Pacific, and Norwegian populations are not as commonly engaged in agricultural work involving pesticide exposure, which makes them less susceptible to pesticide-related injuries. Therefore, the correct answer is Hispanic.
In an obstetrical emergency, which of the following actions should the nurse perform first after the baby delivers?
- A. Place extra padding under the mother to absorb blood from the delivery.
- B. Cut the umbilical cord using sterile scissors.
- C. Suction the baby's mouth and nose.
- D. Wrap the baby in a clean blanket to preserve warmth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In an obstetrical emergency, the immediate action the nurse should take after the baby delivers is to suction the baby's mouth and nose to ensure the infant can breathe properly. This helps clear any potential obstructions and establish a clear airway. Cutting the umbilical cord (Choice B) and wrapping the baby in a clean blanket (Choice D) are important steps but should come after ensuring the baby's airway is clear. Placing extra padding under the mother (Choice A) is not a priority in this emergency situation as the focus should be on the baby's immediate needs for breathing and airway clearance.