Nokea
When assessing an infant with intussusception, what type of stool would the nurse expect to find?
- A. Soft, seedy stool
- B. Currant-jelly stool
- C. Ribbon-like stool
- D. Soft and pasty stool
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Currant-jelly stool. This type of stool, which is red and mucous-like, is a classic sign of intussusception in infants. Choice A (Soft, seedy stool) is incorrect as it does not specifically describe the characteristic stool associated with intussusception. Choice C (Ribbon-like stool) is incorrect; ribbon-like stool may be seen in conditions like colon cancer, not intussusception. Choice D (Soft and pasty stool) is also incorrect as it does not match the typical stool finding in intussusception.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which reflex, present at birth, is elicited by stroking the sole of the infant's foot, resulting in the fanning of the toes?
- A. Babinski
- B. Moro
- C. Sucking
- D. Rooting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Babinski reflex is the correct answer. This reflex is characterized by the fanning out of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked. It is a normal reflex in infants and is typically present at birth, disappearing by around 12 months of age. The Moro reflex, which involves the infant's response to a sudden loss of support or a loud noise, is not related to the fanning of toes. Sucking and rooting reflexes are related to feeding behaviors and are not elicited by stroking the sole of the foot.
At what age is the first dose of the hepatitis A vaccine recommended to be started?
- A. 1 year
- B. 1 month
- C. 12 years
- D. It is not recommended at any age
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1 year. The hepatitis A vaccine is now recommended for all children starting at age 1 year (i.e., 12 to 23 months). This is due to the recognition of hepatitis A as a significant child health problem, especially in areas with high infection rates. The virus is primarily spread through fecal-oral transmission, person-to-person contact, ingestion of contaminated food or water, and rarely through blood transfusion. Administering the first dose at 1 year helps protect children from this infection. Choices B and C are incorrect as the vaccine is not recommended at 1 month or 12 years. Choice D is also incorrect as the hepatitis A vaccine is recommended at a specific age to prevent the infection.
Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which?
- A. Using information in textbooks to guide care
- B. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition
- C. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision-making
- D. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child's health and family situation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which laboratory value at the time of diagnosis should the nurse anticipate would determine the worst prognosis for a child with leukemia?
- A. Slow response to chemotherapy
- B. Platelets of 150,000/mcL
- C. Leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL
- D. Leukocytes of 275,000/mcL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high white blood cell count (leukocytes of 275,000/mcL) at diagnosis is associated with a worse prognosis in leukemia because it indicates a more aggressive disease with a higher tumor burden. Slow response to chemotherapy (choice A) is a consequence of the aggressive disease and not a determining factor at diagnosis. Platelets of 150,000/mcL (choice B) and leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL (choice C) are within normal ranges and not indicative of a worse prognosis in leukemia.
Why are neonates predisposed to problems with thermoregulation?
- A. Renal function is not fully developed
- B. Flexed posture favors heat loss
- C. A large body surface area favors heat loss to the environment
- D. A thick layer of subcutaneous fat provides excellent insulation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Newborns have a large surface area relative to their body weight, making them more susceptible to heat loss and requiring careful thermoregulation. Choice A is incorrect because renal function is not directly related to thermoregulation. Choice B is incorrect because a flexed posture actually helps reduce heat loss by minimizing the surface area exposed to the environment. Choice D is incorrect because neonates have limited subcutaneous fat, which contributes to their susceptibility to heat loss.