ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024

ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024 Related

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When converting from IV heparin to oral warfarin (Coumadin) therapy, the prescriber monitors which of the following to determine the next appropriate dose of warfarin?

  • A. Platelet levels
  • B. aPTT
  • C. Red blood cell count
  • D. PT/INR
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When converting from IV heparin to oral warfarin therapy, the prescriber monitors the Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) to determine the next appropriate dose of warfarin. PT measures the time it takes for blood to clot and INR helps standardize PT results. These tests are crucial in evaluating and adjusting the dosage of warfarin to achieve the desired anticoagulant effect while minimizing the risk of bleeding. Monitoring PT/INR levels regularly is essential to ensure that the patient receives the correct dose of warfarin for their specific condition and to prevent complications. Platelet levels, aPTT, and red blood cell count are not typically used to monitor warfarin therapy.

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When administering IV Acyclovir to a client with Varicella, what action should the nurse take?

  • A. Administer a stool softener
  • B. Decrease fluid intake following infusion
  • C. Infuse Acyclovir over 1 hr
  • D. Monitor for hypotension
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When administering IV Acyclovir to a client with Varicella, the nurse should infuse the medication over at least 1 hour to prevent nephrotoxicity. Rapid infusion can lead to adverse effects such as renal damage. Therefore, it is crucial to follow the recommended infusion rate to ensure the client's safety and well-being.

A healthcare provider is caring for a 4-year-old child who is resistant to taking medication. Which of the following strategies should the healthcare provider use to elicit the child's cooperation?

  • A. Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with juice or water
  • B. Tell the child it is candy
  • C. Hide the medication in a large dish of ice cream
  • D. Tell the child they will have a shot instead
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Offering children choices empowers them and can help in gaining cooperation, especially when it comes to taking medications. By providing options like taking the medication with juice or water, the child feels a sense of control and may be more willing to cooperate. This approach respects the child's autonomy and can make the experience more positive for both the child and the healthcare provider.

Mandy, a patient, calls the clinic today because he is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat his high cholesterol and is having pain in both of his legs. You instruct him to:

  • A. Stop taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
  • B. Continue taking the drug and make an appointment to be seen next week.
  • C. Walk for at least 30 minutes and call if symptoms continue.
  • D. Stop taking the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol, but it can cause serious side effects such as myopathy or rhabdomyolysis, which present as muscle pain or weakness. Pain in both legs could indicate a severe adverse reaction. Stopping the medication and seeking immediate medical attention is crucial to prevent complications like kidney damage. Delaying treatment or continuing the medication without evaluation could worsen the condition. Therefore, the correct action is to stop the drug and come to the clinic to be seen today.

What is the therapeutic class of Valproate?

  • A. Anticoagulant
  • B. Antianxiety, benzodiazepines
  • C. Anticonvulsant, vascular headache suppressant
  • D. Mood stabilizer
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

When teaching a client with a new prescription for Lisinopril, which instruction should the nurse include?

  • A. Take the medication with food.
  • B. Expect a persistent, dry cough.
  • C. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
  • D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Expect a persistent, dry cough.' Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, commonly causes a persistent, dry cough as a side effect. This should be reported to the healthcare provider if it becomes bothersome. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about this potential side effect so the client is aware and can seek appropriate guidance if needed.

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