Nokea
When describing the action of which drug would the nurse explain that it works to reduce gastric motility and decrease the amount of acid secreted by the stomach via blockade of cholinergic receptors?
- A. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- B. Ranitidine (Zantac)
- C. Propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
- D. Sucralfate (Carafate)
- E. Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Propantheline (Pro-Banthine) and glycopyrrolate (Robinul) are anticholinergic drugs used to reduce gastric motility and decrease the amount of acid secreted by the stomach via blockade of cholinergic receptors.
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A nurse is conducting a class for a community group. As part of the class, the nurse is explaining the use of syrup of ipecac. The nurse would emphasize that this drug is contraindicated in which of the following cases?
- A. The client is comatose or has altered mental status.
- B. The client has erosive esophagitis.
- C. The client is having seizures.
- D. The substance is a caustic or corrosive agent.
- E. The substance is a low-viscosity petroleum distillate.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The use of syrup of ipecac is contraindicated in the following cases: the client is comatose or has altered mental status, the client is having seizures, the substance is a caustic or corrosive agent, the substance is a low-viscosity petroleum distillate, or the substance is capable of also altered mental status or convulsions.
A client is diagnosed with an infection with H. pylori. Which of the following drugs are commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of this infection?
- A. Metoclopramide (Reglan)
- B. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- C. Ondansetron (Zofran)
- D. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
- E. Promethazine (Phenergan)
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole (Prilosec) and lansoprazole (Prevacid), are commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of H. pylori.
A nurse is caring for an elderly client who has received cimetidine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform?
- A. Monitor the client for complaints of pain or sour taste.
- B. Monitor the client for concentrated urine and restlessness.
- C. Closely monitor the client for confusion and dizziness.
- D. Report symptoms of tardive dyskinesia to the primary health care provider.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should closely monitor the elderly client who has been administered cimetidine for confusion and dizziness. When the client is receiving an antiemetic, the nurse monitors the client frequently for continued complaints of pain, sour taste, spitting blood, or coffee-ground-colored emesis. When antacids are given to the client, the nurse should observe the client for concentrated urine and restlessness. When the client is administered prolonged doses of metoclopramide, the nurse reports any sign of tardive dyskinesia or extrapyramidal symptoms to the primary health care provider.
A nurse educating a client on the antacid calcium carbonate (Mylanta) should warn the client of which of the following adverse reactions?
- A. Rebound hyperacidity
- B. Anorexia
- C. Headache
- D. Dehydration
- E. Confusion
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Adverse reactions of calcium carbonate (Mylanta) include rebound hyperacidity, metabolic alkalosis, hypercalcemia, vomiting, confusion, headache, renal calculi, and neurologic impairment.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed aluminum carbonate gel (Basaljel) for the relief of an acute peptic ulcer. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform to promote an optimal response to therapy?
- A. Administer the drug hourly for the first 2 weeks.
- B. Administer the drug early in the morning before breakfast.
- C. Administer the drug with 40 mL of apple juice.
- D. Administer the first dose by IV route and then orally.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should administer the drug hourly for the first 2 weeks when treating an acute peptic ulcer. The nurse instructs the client to administer the drug 1 to 2 hours after meals and at bedtime after the first 2 weeks. The nurse need not suggest to the client to administer the drug early to the morning before breakfast nor to administer it with apple juice. The drug is not given intravenously.