Nokea
When describing the drugs used as treatment for clients with ulcerative colitis to a group of nursing students, the instructor discusses aspirin-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties. Which of the following would the instructor most likely include?
- A. Mesalamine (Asacol)
- B. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
- C. Magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox)
- D. Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX)
- E. Olsalazine (Dipentum)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Aminosalicylates, like mesalamine (Asacol) and olsalazine (Dipentum), are aspirin-like compounds with anti-inflammatory properties used in the treatment of clients with ulcerative colitis.
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When reviewing a client's history, a nurse determines that the use of laxatives would be contraindicated if the client has a history of which of the following?
- A. Chronic hepatitis
- B. Type 1 diabetes
- C. Acute appendicitis
- D. Intestinal obstruction
- E. Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Laxatives are contraindicated in clients with known hypersensitivity and those with persistent abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or pain of unknown cause or signs of acute appendicitis, fecal impaction, intestinal obstruction, or acute hepatitis.
A client has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The physician has prescribed sulfasalazine to the client. Based on the nurse's understanding of this condition, the nurse would monitor the client for which of the following?
- A. Mild symptoms of contact dermatitis
- B. Abdominal pain and distention
- C. Severe blood- and mucus-filled diarrhea
- D. Frequent loose or watery stools
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should monitor for severe blood- and mucus-filled diarrhea in the client with ulcerative colitis. Pain and fatigue also accompany this disorder. Abdominal pain and distention are clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease. When clients are hypersensitive to ragweed, asters, and chrysanthemums are administered the chamomile herb, mild symptoms of contact dermatitis are observed. Frequent loose or watery stools are not associated with ulcerative colitis.
A client's history reveals that the client is experiencing intestinal gas. Which of the following would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe?
- A. Charcoal (Flatulex)
- B. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- C. Ranitidine (Zantac)
- D. Odansetron (Zofran)
- E. Simethicone (Mylicon)
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Charcoal (Flatulex) and simethicone (Mylicon) are antiflatulents used to help relieve gas in the intestinal tract of a client. Omeprazole and ranitidine are used to treat hyperacidity disorders. Odansetron is used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with which of the following organisms that can harm the intestinal mucosa?
- A. Staphylococcus
- B. Shigella
- C. Salmonella
- D. Streptococcus
- E. Escherichia coli
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Antidiarrheals are contraindicated in clients whose diarrhea is associated with Shigella, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli, which can harm the intestinal mucosa.
After teaching a group of nursing students about laxatives, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which drug as producing the laxative effect by promoting water retention in the fecal mass and softening the stool?
- A. Docusate sodium (Colace)
- B. Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
- C. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
- D. Lactulose (Chronulac)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stool softeners, like docusate sodium (Colace) and docusate calcium (Surfak), produce their laxative effect by promoting water retention in the fecal mass and softening the stool. Methylcellulose is a bulk-producing laxative. Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative. Lactulose is a hyperosmolar laxative.