Nokea
When determining the existence of malpractice, which factor is NOT considered?
- A. Injury
- B. Causation
- C. Duty
- D. Intent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When determining the existence of malpractice, intent is not considered as a factor. Malpractice typically involves unintentional actions or negligence rather than a deliberate intent to cause harm. The key factors that are usually considered in a malpractice case include duty (a legal obligation to provide a certain standard of care), causation (the link between the provider's actions and the patient's injury), and the existence of an injury resulting from the provider's actions or omissions. Intent does not play a direct role in malpractice cases, as they are focused on the standard of care provided by the healthcare professional and the harm caused as a result.
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Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect a postpartum hemorrhage? Blood loss of _____.
- A. less than 300 ml/24 hours
- B. more than 400 ml/24 hours
- C. less than 200 ml/2 hours
- D. more than 500 m2/24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as a blood loss of more than 500 ml within the first 24 hours after vaginal delivery or more than 1000 ml following a cesarean delivery. Excessive bleeding can lead to hypovolemic shock and can be life-threatening if not promptly addressed. Therefore, a blood loss of more than 500 ml/24 hours would lead the nurse to suspect a postpartum hemorrhage and prompt further assessment and intervention.
Which of the following salivary glands is located inferior and posterior to the mandible and produces serous saliva rich in enzymes?
- A. Parotid gland
- B. Sublingual gland
- C. Submandibular gland
- D. Submaxillary gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The submandibular gland is located inferior and posterior to the mandible. It produces a mixed type of saliva, which is primarily serous (enzyme-rich) but also contains some mucous components. This gland plays a significant role in digestion, as its serous saliva contains enzymes such as amylase that help break down carbohydrates in the mouth before they reach the stomach.
The patient with diagnosis of schizophrenia who has been taking Clozapine will inform the patients family that the positive effect of this drug is
- A. monthly 1iver function studies change moderately
- B. psychotic symptoms, such as hearing loss are reduced
- C. patient develops leukopenia
- D. patient's energy level and involvement in activities goes up.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication primarily used in the treatment of schizophrenia. One of the positive effects of Clozapine is the reduction of psychotic symptoms experienced by the patient, such as hallucinations (not hearing loss). Clozapine is effective in managing both positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking) and negative symptoms (apathy, social withdrawal, lack of motivation) of schizophrenia. It is known for its efficacy in reducing hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms, helping the patient to lead a more stable and functional life.
A patient receiving palliative care for end-stage lung disease experiences dyspnea and anxiety. What intervention should the palliative nurse prioritize to address the patient's symptoms?
- A. Administer supplemental oxygen therapy to improve oxygenation.
- B. Teach the patient diaphragmatic breathing exercises for respiratory support.
- C. Prescribe benzodiazepine medications to reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.
- D. Refer the patient to a pulmonologist for evaluation and treatment of dyspnea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching the patient diaphragmatic breathing exercises for respiratory support would be the most appropriate intervention to address the symptoms of dyspnea and anxiety in this scenario. Diaphragmatic breathing, also known as belly breathing, focuses on engaging the diaphragm for deep, slow breaths, which can help improve lung expansion and ventilation. This technique can help the patient manage their breathing difficulty and reduce anxiety by promoting relaxation and improving oxygen exchange in the lungs. It empowers the patient with a coping strategy they can use independently to alleviate distressing symptoms at any time. Administering oxygen therapy may be beneficial, but the priority is to teach the patient a technique they can use proactively and routinely. Prescribing benzodiazepines should be considered as an adjunct if non-pharmacological interventions are ineffective in managing anxiety. Referring to a pulmonologist may be necessary for comprehensive evaluation and treatment but may not directly address the immediate symptoms of dyspnea and anxiety.
The incoming nurse on duty reported, the nurse is administering a medication, the patient says, "This pill looks different from the one I had taken before. " What is the APPROPRIATE action of the nurse?
- A. Explain the purpose of the medication.
- B. Encourage the patient to take the medication.
- C. Check the original medication pre scription.
- D. Ask what the other pill looked 1ike.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a patient expresses concern about a medication looking different from what they had taken before, it is crucial for the nurse to verify the original prescription to ensure that the correct medication is being administered. Checking the original medication prescription will help the nurse confirm if there have been any changes or errors in the medication orders. This step is essential for patient safety and to prevent any potential medication errors. It is important to prioritize patient safety and well-being in such situations, and verifying the prescription is the appropriate action to take in this case.