Nokea
When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4-year-old child, which should the nurse include?
- A. Parental control should be consistent.
- B. Withdrawal of love and approval is effective at this age.
- C. Children as young as 4 years rarely need to be disciplined.
- D. One should expect rules to be followed rigidly and unquestioningly.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consistent parental control is crucial for effective discipline, providing clear expectations and consequences for behavior.
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Which dietary information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a school-age child with chronic renal failure?
- A. High in sodium
- B. Low in Vitamin D
- C. Low in phosphorus
- D. Supplementation of vitamins C, E, K
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A low-phosphorus diet is recommended for children with chronic renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to bone disease and other complications. Phosphorus is found in many processed foods and should be limited. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because high sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and hypertension, while Vitamin D supplementation and vitamins C, E, K are not specifically indicated for dietary recommendations in chronic renal failure.
Which responsibilities are included in the pediatric nurse's promotion of the health and well-being of children? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Promoting disease prevention
- B. Providing financial assistance
- C. Providing support and counseling
- D. A, C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pediatric nurses promote health through disease prevention, support, counseling, therapeutic relationships, and participating in ethical decision-making.
Which term best describes the sharing of common characteristics that differentiate one group from other groups in a society?
- A. Race
- B. Culture
- C. Ethnicity
- D. Superiority
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethnicity refers to the shared characteristics such as nationality, culture, language, and beliefs that differentiate one group from another.
You are developing a plan of care for a hospitalized child. Which age group is most likely to view illness as a punishment for misdeeds?
- A. Adolescence
- B. Preschool age
- C. Infancy
- D. School age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preschool-aged children often engage in magical thinking, where they may believe that illness is a punishment for misdeeds. This belief is related to their cognitive development stage, where they may attribute cause and effect in a magical or unrealistic way. Adolescents are more likely to view illness as a disruption to their sense of independence or control. Infants lack the cognitive development to associate illness with punishment for misdeeds. School-aged children typically have a more concrete understanding of illness and its causes, moving away from magical thinking.
A child diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. The parents ask the nurse what aplastic anemia is. Which response by the nurse is accurate?
- A. Aplastic anemia causes a proliferation of white blood cells.
- B. Aplastic anemia is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells.
- C. Aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells.
- D. Aplastic anemia is a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. This can result in fatigue, infections, and bleeding tendencies. It is not characterized by abnormal red blood cell shapes, but rather by a reduction in the production of blood cells. Therefore, the accurate response is that aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells. Choices A and B are incorrect as aplastic anemia does not cause a proliferation of white blood cells or involve abnormally shaped red blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as aplastic anemia is not typically a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.