Human Reproductive System

Human Reproductive System Related

Review Human Reproductive System related questions and content

When do the testes begin to descend?

  • A. at birth
  • B. two months after birth
  • C. two months prior to birth
  • D. in the fifth month of pregnancy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: in the fifth month of pregnancy. The testes begin to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the fifth month of pregnancy. This process is crucial for proper development and function of the testes. Descending at this stage allows for the testes to be positioned outside the body, which is essential for sperm production as it requires a slightly lower temperature than the internal body temperature.

Summary:
A: at birth - Incorrect, as the descent of the testes occurs during fetal development, not at birth.
B: two months after birth - Incorrect, as the descent happens during pregnancy, not after birth.
C: two months prior to birth - Incorrect, as the descent occurs during pregnancy, not prior to birth.

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Which of the following cells undergoes meiosis to produce four sperm?

  • A. Spermatids
  • B. Spermatogonium
  • C. Primary spermatocyte
  • D. Ovum
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Primary spermatocyte. Primary spermatocytes are diploid cells that undergo meiosis to produce four haploid cells, which develop into sperm. First, primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis I to form two secondary spermatocytes. Then, meiosis II occurs in each secondary spermatocyte to produce a total of four spermatids, which eventually mature into sperm.

Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Spermatids are already haploid cells formed from the division of secondary spermatocytes, not primary spermatocytes.
B: Spermatogonium are diploid cells that divide by mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes, not directly giving rise to sperm.
D: Ovum is a female gamete that undergoes meiosis to produce one mature egg cell, not sperm.

Anterior to the vagina and urethral openings is the

  • A. Labia majora
  • B. Labia minor
  • C. Mons pubis
  • D. Cervical sphincter
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Labia majora. The labia majora are located anterior to the vagina and urethral openings, providing protection and support. The labia minora are internal to the labia majora. The mons pubis is the rounded mass of fatty tissue located over the pubic symphysis. Cervical sphincter is not a relevant anatomical structure in this context. Therefore, the labia majora is the correct choice based on its anatomical location and function.

A client is undergoing sentinel lymph node mapping. A nurse explains that this new technique reduces the likelihood of which

  • A. Lymphedema
  • B. Excessive scarring
  • C. Cellulitis
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Sentinel lymph node mapping helps reduce the risk of lymphedema by limiting the number of lymph nodes removed.

Spasm of sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck causes:

  • A. Talipes equinovarus
  • B. Torticollis
  • C. Cleft lip
  • D. Kyphosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Torticollis. Spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck causes the head to tilt to one side and the chin to rotate to the opposite side, leading to a condition known as torticollis. Talipes equinovarus (A) is a foot deformity, cleft lip (C) is a congenital facial anomaly, and kyphosis (D) is an abnormal curvature of the spine. These conditions are not directly related to the spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck.

A 79-year-old client who has just returned to the surgical unit following a TURP complains of acute abdominal pain caused by bladder spasms. All of these orders are listed on the client's chart. In what order will you accomplish these actions?

  • A. Administer acetaminophen/oxycodone 325 mg/5 mg (Percocet) 2 tablets.
  • B. Irrigate retention catheter with 30-50 mL of sterile normal saline.
  • C. Infuse 500 mL of 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution over 2 hours.
  • D. Encourage client's oral fluid intake to at least 2500-3000 mL daily.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Irrigating the catheter addresses the potential blockage causing the spasms.

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