Pediatric NCLEX Questions

Pediatric NCLEX Questions Related

Review Pediatric NCLEX Questions related questions and content

The nurse is caring for a client who is HIV positive. To prevent the spread of the HIV virus, what do the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend?

  • A. Universal blood and body fluid precautions
  • B. Body systems isolation
  • C. Laminar flow room during active infection
  • D. Needle and syringe precautions
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend universal blood and body fluid precautions for preventing the spread of the HIV virus. These precautions are designed to protect healthcare workers and patients from exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Universal precautions involve treating all blood and body fluids from all individuals as potentially infectious. This includes using personal protective equipment (such as gloves, gowns, and masks), proper handling and disposal of needles and other sharps, and following appropriate infection control practices. By implementing universal precautions, healthcare providers can minimize the risk of transmission of HIV and other bloodborne pathogens.

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Which of the ff is a sign or symptom of asthma?

  • A. Production of abnormally thick, sticky mucus in lungs
  • B. Faulty transport of sodium in lung cells
  • C. Paroxysms or shortness of breath
  • D. Altered electrolyte balance in the sweat glands
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Paroxysms, or sudden attacks, of shortness of breath are a common sign or symptom of asthma. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which leads to difficulty breathing. During an asthma attack, individuals may experience sudden and severe shortness of breath, often accompanied by wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. These paroxysms of breathlessness are a hallmark feature of asthma and indicate the presence of airway inflammation and constriction.

Which immunoglobulin is specific to an allergic response?

  • A. IgA
  • B. IgE
  • C. IgB
  • D. IgG
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: IgE is the immunoglobulin specific to an allergic response. When an individual is exposed to an allergen, the immune system produces IgE antibodies that bind to mast cells and basophils. Upon re-exposure to the same allergen, these IgE antibodies trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals that cause allergic symptoms such as itching, swelling, and inflammation. IgE is not normally found in high concentrations in the bloodstream unless there is an allergic reaction occurring. Other immunoglobulins like IgA, IgG, and IgM are not specifically associated with allergic responses.

A 6 months old boy presents with respiratory distress and feeding difficulty. On examination heart rate is 130/min and there is a pansystolic murmur at left lower sternal border. What is the most likely diagnosis?

  • A. Mitral regurgitation
  • B. Mitral valve prolapse
  • C. Ventricular septal defect
  • D. Coarctation of aorta
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) commonly presents with a pansystolic murmur and symptoms of congestive heart failure in infancy.

The child who helps to undress, puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object), and handles a spoon well has an age around

  • A. 15 mo
  • B. 18 mo
  • C. 24 mo
  • D. 30 mo
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: These milestones are typically achieved around 24 months.

Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with

  • A. shorter neonatal length
  • B. lower birthweight
  • C. changes in neonatal behavior
  • D. neonatal diabetes
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neonatal diabetes is not commonly associated with prenatal cigarette smoke exposure.

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