Pediatric NCLEX Questions

Pediatric NCLEX Questions Related

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Which type of diabetes mellitus (DM) most likely results from heterogenous risk factors, making it preventable?

  • A. Type 1
  • B. Type 2
  • C. Type 1 and 2
  • D. Gestational diabetes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) most likely results from heterogeneous risk factors, such as obesity, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, genetic predisposition, and other lifestyle factors. By addressing these risk factors through lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise, the development of Type 2 DM can often be prevented or delayed. On the other hand, Type 1 diabetes is primarily an autoimmune condition where the body mistakenly attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and it is not preventable. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is influenced by hormonal changes during pregnancy and other factors, making it less preventable through lifestyle changes alone. Thus, Type 2 diabetes is the type that is most preventable through lifestyle modifications.

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Potential sources of mercury include all of the following EXCEPT

  • A. swordfish
  • B. old teething powders
  • C. quicksilver
  • D. milk
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Mercury is not typically found in milk. It is commonly found in fish, old teething powders, quicksilver, and other sources.

Appropriate intervention is vital for many children with heart disease in order to go on to live active, full lives. Which of the following outlines an effective nursing intervention to decrease cardiac demands and minimize cardiac workload?

  • A. Feeding the infant over long periods
  • B. Allowing the infant to have her way to avoid conflict
  • C. Scheduling care to provide for uninterrupted rest periods
  • D. Developing and implementing a consistent care plan
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention to decrease cardiac demands and minimize cardiac workload in children with heart disease is to schedule care to provide uninterrupted rest periods. By allowing the child to rest without interruptions, their heart will not have to work as hard, promoting better overall cardiac function. This intervention focuses on promoting rest and recovery, which is crucial for children with heart disease to maintain optimal cardiac health. Feeding the infant over long periods may not necessarily decrease cardiac demands, and allowing the infant to have her way to avoid conflict is not related to cardiac workload. Developing and implementing a consistent care plan is important but may not directly decrease cardiac demands as effectively as scheduling care for uninterrupted rest periods.

A patient is treated with IV methylprednisolone (Solu-medrol) for emphysema. What is the purpose of corticosteroid treatment in lung disease?

  • A. Dry secretions
  • B. Improve the oxygen-carrying capacity
  • C. Treat the infection that causes an of hemoglobin.
  • D. Reduce airway inflammation.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, are commonly used in the treatment of lung diseases like emphysema to reduce airway inflammation. In conditions like emphysema, inflammation in the airways can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath and cough. Corticosteroids work by decreasing the inflammation in the airways, thereby helping to improve symptoms and slow down disease progression. By reducing inflammation, corticosteroids can also help to decrease mucus production and airway constriction, leading to improved lung function and overall respiratory health.

Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with

  • A. shorter neonatal length
  • B. lower birthweight
  • C. changes in neonatal behavior
  • D. neonatal diabetes
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neonatal diabetes is not commonly associated with prenatal cigarette smoke exposure.

Blood cells are formed in the:

  • A. Arterioles
  • B. Lymphoid tissue
  • C. Bone marrow
  • D. Muscle tissue
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow, which is a soft tissue found in the center of most bones in the body. The process of blood cell formation is known as hematopoiesis. Bone marrow contains stem cells that can develop into different types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These blood cells play essential roles in carrying oxygen, fighting infections, and assisting in blood clotting. While the other choices listed (arterioles, lymphoid tissue, and muscle tissue) have important functions in the body, blood cell formation specifically occurs primarily in the bone marrow.

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