Nokea
When preparing to teach a class about prenatal development, the nurse would include information about folic acid supplementation. What is folic acid known to prevent?
- A. Congenital heart defects
- B. Neural tube defects
- C. Mental retardation
- D. Premature birth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is now known that folic acid supplements can prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
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A pregnant woman must have a glucose challenge test (GCT). Which of the following should be included in the preprocedure teaching?
- A. Fast for 12 hours before the test.
- B. Bring a urine specimen to the laboratory on the day of the test.
- C. Be prepared to have 4 blood specimens taken on the day of the test.
- D. The test should take one hour to complete.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The glucose challenge test typically takes one hour to complete and does not require fasting or multiple blood specimens. A urine specimen is not required for this test.
What is the primary goal of fetal heart rate monitoring during the second stage of labor?
- A. to predict when to bear down during contractions
- B. to determine the strength of the uterine contractions
- C. to evaluate fetal well-being
- D. to monitor vital signs of the birthing person
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of fetal heart rate monitoring during the second stage of labor is to evaluate fetal well-being. This is crucial to ensure that the baby is tolerating labor and delivery well. Monitoring fetal heart rate helps identify any signs of distress or compromise in oxygen supply to the baby. It guides healthcare providers in making timely interventions if needed to prevent adverse outcomes. Choices A and B are incorrect because the primary goal is not about timing contractions or assessing uterine contractions strength. Choice D is incorrect as the focus is not on monitoring the vital signs of the birthing person but on assessing the well-being of the fetus.
A pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation reports occasional dizziness when standing up. What is the nurse's most appropriate recommendation?
- A. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake and stand up slowly.
- B. Instruct the patient to lie down immediately and rest to prevent fainting.
- C. Advise the patient to avoid physical activity and rest as much as possible.
- D. Instruct the patient to take deep breaths and rise quickly to avoid dizziness.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake and stand up slowly. This recommendation is appropriate because occasional dizziness when standing up can be due to postural hypotension common in pregnancy. Increasing fluid intake helps maintain blood volume, and standing up slowly prevents sudden drops in blood pressure. Choice B is incorrect as lying down immediately may not address the underlying issue. Choice C is incorrect as complete rest may not be necessary. Choice D is incorrect as rising quickly can worsen dizziness.
What is true about dizygotic twins?
- A. Fertilized egg divided rapidly
- B. Two ova were expelled
- C. Share one placenta
- D. Same sex and blood type
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dizygotic twins result from the fertilization of two separate ova, leading to genetically distinct siblings.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 24 weeks gestation and reports nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
- A. Instruct the patient to eat a high-protein diet and avoid fluids during meals.
- B. Encourage the patient to rest and avoid any exercise.
- C. Assess the patient's hydration status and notify the healthcare provider if necessary.
- D. Recommend over-the-counter anti-nausea medications to control symptoms.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the patient's hydration status and notify the healthcare provider if necessary.
Rationale:
1. Nausea, vomiting, and weight loss in pregnancy may indicate hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness that can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
2. Assessing hydration status is crucial to determine the severity of the condition and guide appropriate interventions.
3. Notifying the healthcare provider allows for further evaluation, possible treatment adjustments, and monitoring to prevent complications.
Summary:
A: Instructing the patient to eat a high-protein diet and avoid fluids during meals does not address the immediate concern of dehydration and may worsen symptoms.
B: Encouraging the patient to rest and avoid exercise is important but does not address the primary issue of dehydration.
D: Recommending over-the-counter anti-nausea medications may provide symptomatic relief but does not address the underlying cause or hydration status.